Delayed umbilical cord clamping in elective and nonelective term Cesarean delivery.

BACKGROUND

Delayed cord clamping (DCC) is recommended for preterm and term neonates, regardless of delivery mode. After impression of increased maternal blood loss following DCC implementation during Cesarean delivery (CD) concerns arose about maternal safety, particularly in term CDs.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

We conducted a retrospective cohort study by reviewing birth records from our tertiary hospital in Kuopio, Finland including 914 women with singleton term CD and recorded estimated blood loss. Early cord clamping (ECC) occurred from January 2016 to December 2019, while DCC (30-60 s) from January 2020 to December 2020. We evaluated maternal and neonatal outcomes for ECC vs. DCC and assessed severe postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) (≥1500 ml) and its potential clinical risk factors.

RESULTS

In total, 914 women were included (DCC N = 152; ECC N = 762). Estimated mean maternal blood loss showed no significant difference between DCC and ECC groups (697 ml vs. 750 ml, p < 0.96). Severe PPH was less frequent in the DCC group (4.6% vs. 10.5 %, p < 0.024). Neonatal outcomes were similar between groups. Multivariable analysis revealed that women with placenta previa (OR 5.63, p < 0.001), macrosomic neonate (OR 2.75, p < 0.001), and intrapartum infection (OR 2.00, p < 0.057) had an increased risk for severe PPH. Earlier CD was associated with less severe PPH (OR 0.36, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

DCC (30-60 s) during term CD did not increase maternal blood loss in singleton pregnancies and demonstrated no short-term adverse effects on neonates. Our findings support the general practice of DCC during both elective and nonelective term CD.