Internal and Subintensive Medicine Department, Azienda Ospedaliera delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2023 Dec;27(24):12141-12152. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202312_34812.
Post-COVID-19 is a syndrome defined by signs and symptoms present until 12 weeks after COVID-19, lasting for more than 8 weeks, not explained by an alternative diagnosis. The present study aimed to assess whether the cardiovascular risk (CVR) of patients with COVID-19 correlates with symptoms and changes in respiratory function parameters in post-COVID-19. The association between CVR and the severity of acute disease was also considered.
Between 21/04/21-01/09/21, we enrolled 1,782 consecutive patients with COVID-19. We divided these subjects into (i) 4 levels, based on the severity of COVID-19 (home care; hospitalized/no oxygen therapy; hospitalized/oxygen therapy; hospitalized/NIV-ICU), (ii) 2 levels, according to CVR calculated with the European Society of Cardiology SCORE tables (low-intermediate risk; high or very high risk). All subjects underwent a 3-month follow-up considering post-COVID-19 symptoms.
In post-COVID-19 patients, high or very-high CVR was associated with (i) increased risk of hospitalization for COVID-19 (p<0.0001), (ii) higher prevalence of severe clinical manifestations and ICU admission (p<0.0001), (iii) development of post-COVID-19 (p<0.0001) and (iv) increased risk of a larger post-COVID-19 burden of disease.
We found a statistically significant association between CVR, severity of COVID-19, and post-COVID-19 syndrome three months after the end of acute disease.
新冠后(post-COVID-19)综合征是指在新冠病毒感染后 12 周内持续存在的症状和体征，持续时间超过 8 周，且不能用其他诊断解释。本研究旨在评估新冠患者的心血管风险（CVR）是否与新冠后(post-COVID-19)的症状和呼吸功能参数变化相关。还考虑了 CVR 与急性疾病严重程度之间的关系。
在 2021 年 4 月 21 日至 9 月 1 日期间，我们连续招募了 1782 名新冠患者。我们根据新冠严重程度将这些患者分为（i）4 个等级，分别为：居家治疗；住院但无需吸氧治疗；住院且需要吸氧治疗；住院且需要使用无创通气/重症监护病房治疗。（ii）根据欧洲心脏病学会 SCORE 表计算的 CVR，将这些患者分为 2 个等级，分别为：低-中危风险；高危或极高危风险。所有患者在 3 个月的随访期间都报告了新冠后(post-COVID-19)症状。
在新冠后(post-COVID-19)患者中，高或极高 CVR 与（i）因新冠再次住院的风险增加（p<0.0001），（ii）严重临床表现和 ICU 入院的发生率较高（p<0.0001），（iii）发生新冠后(post-COVID-19)的风险增加（p<0.0001），（iv）新冠后(post-COVID-19)疾病负担增加的风险增加相关。
我们发现 CVR、新冠严重程度和新冠后(post-COVID-19)综合征之间存在统计学显著关联，这种关联在急性疾病结束后 3 个月仍存在。
