Faculty of Nursing, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2024 Jul 22;26(8):966-975. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntad261.
Vaping is a growing public health concern. Interventions that address vaping must build upon rigorous research that uses psychometrically sound instruments to measure vaping-associated outcome expectancies.
The primary aim was to appraise the reporting of psychometric properties of instruments used to measure vaping outcome expectancies. Secondary aims were to distinguish the different types of outcome expectancies assessed across the measures, the conceptual underpinnings, and the evidence explaining e-cigarette use etiology. This systematic review was guided by an adapted version of the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) guideline and Risk of Bias Checklist. Five electronic databases were searched for peer-reviewed studies, dissertations, and theses that psychometrically evaluated instruments that measure vaping outcome expectancies. Studies that met the inclusion criteria were appraised based on their reporting of nine psychometric properties outlined in the COSMIN checklist.
The review included 11 studies that described eight instruments and reported on two to five of nine predetermined psychometric properties. Structural validity, construct validity, and internal consistency were the most commonly reported properties. No studies reported test-retest, intrarater, or interrater reliability, measurement error, or responsiveness. Content validity and measurement invariance were only reported by two and four studies, respectively. The most commonly included subscales in the instruments were affect regulation, positive sensory experience, and negative health consequences. Many of the outcome expectancy subscales were associated with e-cigarette behaviors.
There is limited reporting of psychometric testing of instruments that measure vaping outcome expectancies; however, utilization of the COSMIN guideline could enhance the quality of such reporting.
Appraising the reporting of psychometric properties of instruments that measure vaping outcome expectancies is a first step to ensuring valid and reliable instruments are used to support rigorous research and build evidence-based knowledge. Future research should focus on testing for responsiveness, measurement error, and reliability, and on quality appraisal of the instruments. Studying vaping outcome expectancies may improve understanding of factors that influence and deter vaping. This may contribute to the development of effective interventions aimed at vaping cessation and prevention.
蒸气吸入是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题。解决蒸气吸入问题的干预措施必须建立在使用经过心理计量学验证的工具来测量与蒸气吸入相关的预期结果的严格研究基础上。
主要目的是评估用于测量蒸气吸入预期结果的工具的心理计量特性报告。次要目的是区分这些工具所评估的不同类型的预期结果、概念基础以及解释电子烟使用病因学的证据。本系统评价以经改编的共识标准选择健康测量工具（COSMIN）指南和偏倚风险检查表为指导。检索了五个电子数据库，以查找经过同行评审的研究、论文和论文，这些研究对测量蒸气吸入预期结果的工具进行了心理计量评估。符合纳入标准的研究根据其在 COSMIN 清单中概述的九个心理计量特性报告进行评估。
本综述包括 11 项研究，这些研究描述了 8 种工具，并报告了 2 至 5 种预定的心理计量学特性。结构有效性、构念有效性和内部一致性是最常报告的特性。没有研究报告测试-重测、内部评估者或外部评估者可靠性、测量误差或反应性。内容有效性和测量不变性仅分别由两项和四项研究报告。仪器中最常包含的子量表是情绪调节、积极的感官体验和负面的健康后果。许多预期结果子量表与电子烟行为有关。
目前，用于测量蒸气吸入预期结果的工具的心理计量测试报告非常有限；然而，使用 COSMIN 指南可以提高此类报告的质量。
评估用于测量蒸气吸入预期结果的工具的心理计量特性报告是确保使用有效且可靠的工具来支持严格研究和建立基于证据的知识的第一步。未来的研究应集中在反应性、测量误差和可靠性的测试以及仪器的质量评估上。研究蒸气吸入预期结果可能有助于更好地了解影响和阻止蒸气吸入的因素。这可能有助于开发旨在戒烟和预防蒸气吸入的有效干预措施。
