School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, United States of America.
Escuela de Enfermería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
PLoS One. 2024 Jan 2;19(1):e0296080. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296080. eCollection 2024.
The HIV epidemic disproportionately affects Hispanics in the U.S., with Hispanic women (HW) accounting for 18% of new HIV diagnoses in 2019 despite comprising only 16% of the female population. The imbalance of power related to cultural values and HW's lack of knowledge and low perception of risk for HIV interferes with prevention efforts (e.g., condom use, HIV testing, and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis [PrEP]). It is estimated that in 2019, only 10% of women in the U.S. who could benefit from PrEP were given prescriptions for it. This number is estimated to be significantly lower among HW. PrEP is highly effective for preventing HIV, reducing the risk of acquiring HIV from sexual activity by about 99%. To respond to this need, we developed SEPA+PrEP, a biobehavioral HIV prevention intervention that adapted and integrated SEPA (Salud/Health, Educación/Education, Prevención/Prevention, Autocuidado/Self-Care), an empirically validated behavioral HIV prevention intervention, with the evidence-based biomedical strategy of PrEP. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and acceptability of SEPA+PrEP among cisgender heterosexual Hispanic women (HW). We used a mixed methods approach to gather data from 44 HW living in the City of Homestead and its surrounding communities in Miami-Dade County, Florida. None of the participants knew about PrEP prior to participating in the study, and the majority (70.5%, n = 23) had not used condoms when engaging in vaginal sex during the previous three months. Overall, study results suggest that SEPA+PrEP is an acceptable and feasible intervention to prevent HIV among HW, with a focus on PrEP knowledge, initiation, and maintenance.
美国的艾滋病毒疫情 disproportionately 影响西班牙裔人,尽管西班牙裔女性仅占女性人口的 16%,但她们在 2019 年占新诊断出的艾滋病毒病例的 18%。与文化价值观相关的权力不平衡以及西班牙裔女性对艾滋病毒的知识不足和低风险感知干扰了预防工作(例如,使用避孕套、艾滋病毒检测和暴露前预防 [PrEP])。据估计,2019 年,只有 10%的有资格接受 PrEP 的美国女性获得了 PrEP 处方。据估计,西班牙裔女性中的这一数字要低得多。PrEP 对预防艾滋病毒非常有效,可将通过性行为感染艾滋病毒的风险降低约 99%。为了满足这一需求,我们开发了 SEPA+PrEP,这是一种生物行为艾滋病毒预防干预措施,它适应并整合了 SEPA(Salud/Health、Educación/Education、Prevención/Prevention、Autocuidado/Self-Care),这是一种经过验证的行为艾滋病毒预防干预措施,以及基于证据的生物医学策略 PrEP。本研究旨在调查 SEPA+PrEP 在 cisgender 异性恋西班牙裔女性 (HW) 中的可行性和可接受性。我们使用混合方法从居住在佛罗里达州迈阿密戴德县霍姆斯代尔市及其周边社区的 44 名 HW 中收集数据。在参与研究之前,没有参与者了解 PrEP,并且大多数(70.5%,n=23)在过去三个月进行阴道性交时没有使用避孕套。总体而言,研究结果表明,SEPA+PrEP 是一种可接受且可行的干预措施,可预防 HW 中的 HIV,重点是 PrEP 知识、启动和维持。