Yeh Yi-Ting, Del Álamo Juan C, Caffrey Conor R
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 93093, USA.
Trends Parasitol. 2024 Feb;40(2):164-175. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2023.12.001. Epub 2024 Jan 2.
The dissemination of protozoan and metazoan parasites through host tissues is hindered by cellular barriers, dense extracellular matrices, and fluid forces in the bloodstream. To overcome these diverse biophysical impediments, parasites implement versatile migratory strategies. Parasite-exerted mechanical forces and upregulation of the host's cellular contractile machinery are the motors for these strategies, and these are comparably better characterized for protozoa than for helminths. Using the examples of the protozoans, Toxoplasma gondii and Plasmodium, and the metazoan, Schistosoma mansoni, we highlight how quantitative tools such as traction force and reflection interference contrast microscopies have improved our understanding of how parasites alter host mechanobiology to promote their migration.
原生动物和后生动物寄生虫在宿主组织中的传播受到细胞屏障、致密的细胞外基质和血流中的流体动力的阻碍。为了克服这些多样的生物物理障碍，寄生虫采用了多种迁移策略。寄生虫施加的机械力和宿主细胞收缩机制的上调是这些策略的驱动力，而且相对于蠕虫，这些在原生动物中得到了更好的表征。以原生动物刚地弓形虫和疟原虫以及后生动物曼氏血吸虫为例，我们强调了诸如牵引力和反射干涉对比显微镜等定量工具如何增进了我们对寄生虫如何改变宿主力学生物学以促进其迁移的理解。
