Michel Lars, Rassaf Tienush
Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie, Westdeutsches Herz- und Gefäßzentrum, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147, Essen, Deutschland.
Herz. 2024 Feb;49(1):81-90. doi: 10.1007/s00059-023-05228-9. Epub 2024 Jan 4.
Cardiovascular diseases and cancer are the most common causes of death in Germany. Cancer treatment can lead to significant cardiovascular side effects and thus form a link between the two disease groups. The focus of cardio-oncology is on the best possible prevention, diagnostics and treatment of cardiovascular complications caused by cancer treatment. It is crucial for cardio-oncology to adapt to the continuous development of new forms of oncological treatment with previously unknown cardiovascular side effects. One such new form of treatment is immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy, which is regarded as the most important oncological milestone of the last decade due to its excellent oncological efficacy; however, the growing use has revealed a high risk of diverse cardiovascular side effects with high morbidity and mortality, so that cardio-oncological care of affected patients is of particular importance. This review summarizes the current scientific and clinical state of the pathophysiology, incidence, diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular side effects of ICI therapy.
心血管疾病和癌症是德国最常见的死因。癌症治疗可导致严重的心血管副作用，从而在这两类疾病之间建立起联系。心脏肿瘤学的重点在于尽可能地预防、诊断和治疗由癌症治疗引起的心血管并发症。随着具有此前未知心血管副作用的新型肿瘤治疗方法不断涌现，心脏肿瘤学必须适应这种持续发展，这一点至关重要。免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI）疗法就是这样一种新型治疗方法，由于其出色的肿瘤治疗效果，被视为过去十年最重要的肿瘤学里程碑；然而，其使用的增加已显示出出现各种心血管副作用的高风险，且发病率和死亡率都很高，因此对受影响患者的心脏肿瘤护理尤为重要。本综述总结了ICI疗法心血管副作用的病理生理学、发病率、诊断和治疗方面的当前科学及临床现状。
