1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, GP Livanos and M Simou Laboratories, Evangelismos Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 3, Ploutarchou St., 10675, Athens, Greece.
1st Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Respir Res. 2024 Jan 4;25(1):20. doi: 10.1186/s12931-023-02657-2.
The complement system is an important arm of immune defense bringing innate and adaptive immunity. Although originally regarded as a major complementary defense mechanism against pathogens, continuously emerging evidence has uncovered a central role of this complex system in several diseases including lung pathologies.
Complement factors such as anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a, their receptors C3aR, C5aR and C5aR2 as well as complement inhibitory proteins CD55, CD46 and CD59 have been implicated in pathologies such as the acute respiratory distress syndrome, pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, interstitial lung diseases, and lung cancer. However, the exact mechanisms by which complement factors induce these diseases remain unclear. Several complement-targeting monoclonal antibodies are reported to treat lung diseases.
The complement system contributes to the progression of the acute and chronic lung diseases. Better understanding of the underlying mechanisms will provide groundwork to develop new strategy to target complement factors for treatment of lung diseases.
补体系统是先天和适应性免疫的重要防御机制。尽管最初被认为是对抗病原体的主要补充防御机制，但不断涌现的证据揭示了该复杂系统在包括肺部疾病在内的几种疾病中的核心作用。
补体因子，如过敏毒素 C3a 和 C5a、它们的受体 C3aR、C5aR 和 C5aR2 以及补体抑制蛋白 CD55、CD46 和 CD59，已被牵涉到急性呼吸窘迫综合征、肺炎、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、哮喘、间质性肺疾病和肺癌等疾病中。然而，补体因子诱导这些疾病的确切机制仍不清楚。有报道称，几种针对补体的单克隆抗体可用于治疗肺部疾病。
补体系统有助于急性和慢性肺部疾病的进展。更好地了解潜在机制将为开发针对补体因子治疗肺部疾病的新策略提供基础。
