Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China.
Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Longgang Otolaryngology hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2024 Feb;171:116118. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116118. Epub 2024 Jan 5.
The myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) gene encodes the heavy chain of non-muscle myosin IIA (NMIIA), which belongs to the myosin II subfamily of actin-based molecular motors. Previous studies have demonstrated that abnormal expression and mutations of MYH9 were correlated with MYH9-related diseases and tumors. Furthermore, earlier investigations identified MYH9 as a tumor suppressor. However, subsequent research revealed that MYH9 promoted tumorigenesis, progression and chemoradiotherapy resistance. Note-worthily, MYH9 has also been linked to viral infections, like severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Epstein-Barr virus, and hepatitis B virus, as a receptor or co-receptor. In addition, MYH9 promotes the development of hepatocellular carcinoma by interacting with the hepatitis B virus-encoding X protein. Finally, various findings highlighted the role of MYH9 in the development of these illnesses, especially in tumors. This review summarizes the involvement of the MYH9-regulated signaling network in tumors and virus-related diseases and presents possible drug interventions on MYH9, providing insights for the use of MYH9 as a therapeutic target for tumors and virus-mediated diseases.
肌球蛋白重链 9 (MYH9) 基因编码非肌肉肌球蛋白 IIA (NMIIA) 的重链，属于肌球蛋白 II 亚家族，是基于肌动蛋白的分子马达。先前的研究表明，MYH9 的异常表达和突变与 MYH9 相关疾病和肿瘤有关。此外，早期的研究表明 MYH9 是一种肿瘤抑制因子。然而，随后的研究揭示了 MYH9 促进了肿瘤的发生、进展和化疗放疗耐药性。值得注意的是，MYH9 还与病毒感染有关，如严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2)、爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒和乙型肝炎病毒，作为受体或共受体。此外，MYH9 通过与乙型肝炎病毒编码的 X 蛋白相互作用，促进肝癌的发展。最后，各种发现强调了 MYH9 在这些疾病，特别是肿瘤发展中的作用。本综述总结了 MYH9 调节的信号网络在肿瘤和病毒相关疾病中的作用，并提出了针对 MYH9 的可能药物干预措施，为将 MYH9 作为肿瘤和病毒介导疾病的治疗靶点提供了新的思路。
