Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo, University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
BMC Vet Res. 2024 Jan 5;20(1):11. doi: 10.1186/s12917-023-03858-z.
The present study is designed to assess the effect of adding various doses of Spirulina platensis (SP) on broiler chicken growth performance, gut health, antioxidant biomarkers, cecal microbiota, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). 240 male Cobb 500 broiler chicks (1 day old) were placed into four groups (sixty birds/group), then each group was further divided into three replicates of 20 chickens each for 35 days. Birds were allocated as follows; the 1st group (G1), the control group, fed on basal diet, the 2nd group (G2): basal diet plus SP (0.1%), the 3rd group (G3): basal diet plus SP (0.3%), and the 4th group (G4): basal diet plus SP (0.5%).
Throughout the trial (d 1 to 35), SP fortification significantly increased body weight growth (BWG) and feed conversion rate (FCR) (P < 0.05). Bursa considerably increased among the immunological organs in the Spirulina-supplemented groups. Within SP-supplemented groups, there was a substantial increase in catalase activity, blood total antioxidant capacity, jejunal superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity (P < 0.05). Fatty acid binding protein 2 (FABP2), one of the gut barrier health biomarkers, significantly increased in the SP-supplemented groups but the IL-1β gene did not significantly differ across the groups (P < 0.05). Different organs in the control group showed histopathological changes, while the SP-supplemented chicken showed fewer or no signs of these lesions. The control group had higher levels of iNOS expression in the gut than the SP-supplemented groups (p < 0.05). Cecal Lactobacillus count significantly elevated with increasing the rate of SP inclusion rate (p < 0.05).
Supplementing broiler diets with SP, particularly at 0.5%, can improve productivity and profitability by promoting weight increase, feed utilization, antioxidant status, immunity, and gastrointestinal health.
本研究旨在评估添加不同剂量螺旋藻（SP）对肉鸡生长性能、肠道健康、抗氧化生物标志物、盲肠微生物群、组织病理学和诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）免疫组织化学的影响。将 240 只 1 日龄雄性科布 500 肉鸡（Cobb 500）放入 4 个组（每组 60 只），然后每个组进一步分为 3 个重复，每个重复 20 只，共 35 天。将鸡分配如下；第 1 组（G1），对照组，饲喂基础日粮；第 2 组（G2）：基础日粮加 SP（0.1%）；第 3 组（G3）：基础日粮加 SP（0.3%）；第 4 组（G4）：基础日粮加 SP（0.5%）。
在整个试验期（第 1 天至第 35 天），SP 强化显著提高了体重增长（BWG）和饲料转化率（FCR）（P<0.05）。在添加螺旋藻的组中，法氏囊显著增加。在添加 SP 的组中，过氧化氢酶活性、血液总抗氧化能力、空肠超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPX）活性均显著升高（P<0.05）。脂肪酸结合蛋白 2（FABP2），一种肠道屏障健康生物标志物，在添加 SP 的组中显著增加，但 IL-1β 基因在各组之间没有显著差异（P<0.05）。对照组的不同器官出现组织病理学变化，而添加 SP 的鸡显示这些病变的迹象较少或没有。与添加 SP 的组相比，对照组肠道中 iNOS 的表达水平更高（p<0.05）。随着 SP 含量的增加，盲肠乳酸杆菌数量显著升高（p<0.05）。
在肉鸡日粮中添加 SP，特别是添加 0.5%的 SP，可以通过提高体重增加、饲料利用、抗氧化状态、免疫力和胃肠道健康来提高生产力和盈利能力。
