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流动血库:一项在血液短缺时代确保自给自足的计划。

Walking blood bank: a plan to ensure self-sufficiency in an era of blood shortage.

作者信息

Brigmon Erika Paola, Cirone Justin, Harrell Kelly, Greebon Leslie, Ngamsuntikul Samantha, Mendoza Adriene, Epley Eric, Eastridge Brian, Nicholson Susannah, Jenkins Donald H

机构信息

Trauma and Emergency General Surgery, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.

General Surgery, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.

出版信息

Trauma Surg Acute Care Open. 2024 Jan 6;9(Suppl 1):e001151. doi: 10.1136/tsaco-2023-001151. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Mass casualty incidents and massive transfusion requirements continue to plague the USA with hemorrhage remaining the number one cause of death in trauma. The unfortunate reality of numerous mass shootings in Southwest Texas has led to the need for a way in which to provide blood during these events as rapidly as it is required. Multiple agencies within the Southwest Texas system have united to help provide this life-saving blood to people when they need it most. This effort began with the development of a system for safe, efficient, and now widespread use of whole blood in the region. After demonstrating the success of delivering large quantities of blood during the Uvalde shooting, we have begun to develop a walking blood bank that is similar to what the miliary uses on the battlefield. The concept behind this initiative is to have a cohort of whole blood donors who are preselected to join the program which is now dubbed 'Heroes in Arms'. These donors will be called upon to donate whole blood during a massive transfusion event. Their blood will be rapidly screened prior to transfusion to the patient. This blood will still undergo the normal rigorous testing and, should any potentially transmissible diseases by discovered post-transfusion, the individual who received that product will be treated accordingly. Given the low rate of transmissible disease among this preselected population, combined with rapid screening prior to transfusion, the risk of a person receiving a transmissible disease is insignificant in comparison to the benefit of having blood to transfuse during hemorrhage. This model is a promising collaborative effort to provide in a timely and sufficient blood product in cases of major need which will consequently minimize the number of traumatically injured civilian patients who die from hemorrhage.

摘要

大规模伤亡事件和大量输血需求持续困扰着美国,出血仍是创伤死亡的首要原因。得克萨斯州西南部发生多起大规模枪击事件,不幸的是,这导致需要一种能够在这些事件发生时尽快提供所需血液的方法。得克萨斯州西南部系统内的多个机构联合起来,在人们最需要的时候帮助提供这种救命的血液。这项工作始于开发一种在该地区安全、高效且现已广泛使用全血的系统。在证明了在尤瓦尔迪枪击事件中成功输送大量血液后,我们开始建立一个类似军队在战场上使用的流动血库。该倡议背后的理念是,有一群预先选定的全血捐赠者加入这个现在被称为“武装英雄”的项目。在大规模输血事件中,这些捐赠者将被要求捐献全血。他们的血液在输给患者之前将被迅速筛查。这些血液仍将接受正常的严格检测,如果在输血后发现任何潜在的可传播疾病,接受该血液制品的个人将得到相应治疗。鉴于在这个预先选定的人群中可传播疾病的发生率较低,再加上输血前的快速筛查,与在出血时能够获得输血的益处相比,一个人感染可传播疾病的风险微不足道。这种模式是一项很有前景的合作努力,能够在重大需求情况下及时提供足够的血液制品,从而将因出血而死亡的创伤平民患者数量降至最低。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bc57/10773437/9ba0a36aec34/tsaco-2023-001151f01.jpg

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