Barrera Antonio, Rezende Leandro F M, Sabag Angelo, Keating Christopher J, Rey-Lopez Juan Pablo
Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Internacional de Valencia (VIU), 46002 Valencia, Spain.
Department of Preventive Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 04023-900, SP, Brazil.
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Dec 21;12(1):22. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12010022.
(1) Background: Few studies have examined risk factors of frailty during early life and mid-adulthood, which may be critical to prevent frailty and/or postpone it. The aim was to identify early life and adulthood risk factors associated with frailty. (2) Methods: A systematic review of cohort studies (of at least 10 years of follow-up), using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines (PRISMA). A risk of confounding score was created by the authors for risk of bias assessment. Three databases were searched from inception until 1 January 2023 (Web of Science, Embase, PubMed). Inclusion criteria were any cohort study that evaluated associations between any risk factor and frailty. (3) Results: Overall, a total of 5765 articles were identified, with 33 meeting the inclusion criteria. Of the included studies, only 16 were categorized as having a low risk of confounding due to pre-existing diseases. The long-term risk of frailty was lower among individuals who were normal weight, physically active, consumed fruits and vegetables regularly, and refrained from tobacco smoking, excessive alcohol intake, and regular consumption of sugar or artificially sweetened drinks. (4) Conclusions: Frailty in older adults might be prevented or postponed with behaviors related to ideal cardiovascular health.
(1) 背景：很少有研究探讨生命早期和中年时期衰弱的风险因素，而这些因素对于预防衰弱和/或延缓衰弱可能至关重要。本研究旨在确定与衰弱相关的生命早期和成年期风险因素。(2) 方法：按照系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南，对队列研究（至少随访10年）进行系统评价。作者创建了一个混杂风险评分用于偏倚风险评估。检索了三个数据库，从建库至2023年1月1日（Web of Science、Embase、PubMed）。纳入标准为任何评估任何风险因素与衰弱之间关联的队列研究。(3) 结果：总体而言，共识别出5765篇文章，其中33篇符合纳入标准。在纳入的研究中，由于存在既往疾病，只有16篇被归类为混杂风险较低。体重正常、身体活跃、经常食用水果和蔬菜、不吸烟、不过量饮酒以及不经常食用糖或人工甜味饮料的个体，衰弱的长期风险较低。(4) 结论：老年人的衰弱可能通过与理想心血管健康相关的行为来预防或延缓。
