Argel-Pérez Shaydier, Gañán-Rojo Piedad, Cuartas-Marulanda Diego, Gómez-Hoyos Catalina, Velázquez-Cock Jorge, Vélez-Acosta Lina, Zuluaga Robin, Serpa-Guerra Angélica
Programa de Ingeniería en Nanotecnología, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Circular 1, 70-01, Medellin 050031, Colombia.
Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Circular 1, 70-01, Medellin 050031, Colombia.
Foods. 2023 Dec 19;13(1):7. doi: 10.3390/foods13010007.
Turmeric ( L.) plants are native to Southeast Asia and are part of the family. Global consumption and production of this plant are expanding. In countries such as Colombia, turmeric is a promising cultivar. Curcuminoids derived from its rhizomes are used in food, pharmaceuticals, and natural cosmetics. Curcuminoids constitute approximately 3 wt% of the rhizome. Many residues rich in cellulose and starch can thus be recovered. This study characterizes a novel starch isolated from Colombian turmeric cultivars. The morphological parameters of the starch were determined using microscopic techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Proximate analysis and infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) were used to analyze the chemical composition, while physical analyses included thermal characterization, swelling power testing, solubility, water retention capacity, and colorimetry evaluation. The new starch granules were ellipsoidal in shape and ranged in diameter from 19.91 to 38.09. A trace amount of remaining curcumin was identified through chemical and physical characterization. The swelling power was 3.52 ± 0.30, and its water retention capacity was 3.44 ± 0.30. Based on these findings, turmeric can be useful in both food and non-food applications. Because starch was extracted from other plants, this study also includes a brief review of the related literature.
姜黄（L.）植物原产于东南亚，是姜科植物的一部分。这种植物的全球消费量和产量正在不断扩大。在哥伦比亚等国，姜黄是一种很有前景的栽培品种。从其根茎中提取的姜黄素类化合物用于食品、制药和天然化妆品。姜黄素类化合物约占根茎的3%（重量）。因此，可以回收许多富含纤维素和淀粉的残渣。本研究对从哥伦比亚姜黄品种中分离出的一种新型淀粉进行了表征。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）等显微技术测定了淀粉的形态参数。采用近似分析和红外光谱（ATR - FTIR）分析化学成分，而物理分析包括热表征、溶胀力测试、溶解度、保水能力和比色法评估。新的淀粉颗粒呈椭圆形，直径范围为19.91至38.09。通过化学和物理表征鉴定出微量残留姜黄素。溶胀力为3.52±0.30，其保水能力为3.44±0.30。基于这些发现，姜黄在食品和非食品应用中都可能有用。由于淀粉是从其他植物中提取的，本研究还包括了相关文献的简要综述。
