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使用脂肪酶水解亚麻籽油的富含微生物共轭亚麻酸的发酵乳:生化、感官和储存特性

Microbial Conjugated Linolenic Acid-Enriched Fermented Milk Using Lipase-Hydrolyzed Flaxseed Oil: Biochemical, Organoleptic and Storage Traits.

作者信息

Fontes Ana Luiza, Pimentel Lígia L, Monteiro Maria João P, Domingues M Rosário, Rodríguez-Alcalá Luis Miguel, Gomes Ana Maria

机构信息

Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.

Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde-LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.

出版信息

Foods. 2023 Dec 20;13(1):21. doi: 10.3390/foods13010021.

Abstract

The bioactive conjugated linolenic acid (CLNA) can be microbiologically produced by different probiotic strains when in the presence of α-linolenic acid (α-LNA). Food matrices are a good vector, such as has been previously demonstrated with fermented milk enriched with microbial CLNA by DSM 20091 from lipase-hydrolyzed flaxseed oil. The aim of the present work was to further assess the nutritional, biochemical and organoleptic properties of the developed dairy product, as well as its storage stability throughout 28 days at 4 °C, proving its suitability for consumption. Milk lactose hydrolyzed into glucose (0.89 g/100 g) and galactose (0.88 g/100 g), which were further metabolized into lactic (0.42 g/100 g), acetic (0.44 g/100 g) and propionic (0.85 g/100 g) acids. Titratable acidity reached 0.69% and pH 4.93. Compared with the control (no CLNA), fat content was slightly higher (2.0 g/100 g). Acetic acid was the major volatile (83.32%), lacking important dairy flavor contributors, like acetaldehyde. Sensory analysis revealed predominant astringency and bitterness. No microbial concerns arose during storage, but the CLNA content increased, and some saturated fatty acids seemed to oxidize. In conclusion, the CLNA-enriched fermented milk revealed reasonable compositional properties, yet further improvements are needed for optimal consumer acceptance and a prolonged shelf-life.

摘要

生物活性共轭亚麻酸(CLNA)在α-亚麻酸(α-LNA)存在的情况下可由不同的益生菌菌株通过微生物方法生产。食品基质是一种良好的载体,如先前通过DSM 20091对富含微生物CLNA的发酵乳进行的研究所示,该发酵乳由脂肪酶水解的亚麻籽油制成。本研究的目的是进一步评估所开发乳制品的营养、生化和感官特性,以及其在4℃下储存28天的稳定性,以证明其适合食用。牛奶中的乳糖水解为葡萄糖(0.89 g/100 g)和半乳糖(0.88 g/100 g),它们进一步代谢为乳酸(0.42 g/100 g)、乙酸(0.44 g/100 g)和丙酸(0.85 g/100 g)。可滴定酸度达到0.69%,pH值为4.93。与对照组(不含CLNA)相比,脂肪含量略高(2.0 g/100 g)。乙酸是主要的挥发性成分(83.32%),缺乏重要的乳制品风味成分,如乙醛。感官分析显示主要存在涩味和苦味。储存期间未出现微生物问题,但CLNA含量增加,一些饱和脂肪酸似乎发生了氧化。总之,富含CLNA的发酵乳显示出合理的成分特性,但为了获得最佳的消费者接受度和延长保质期,还需要进一步改进。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/665c/10777994/e263c8804f3b/foods-13-00021-g001.jpg

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