Department of Health, Nutrition and Food Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.
Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA.
Cells. 2023 Dec 19;13(1):1. doi: 10.3390/cells13010001.
The hormone adiponectin has many beneficial effects in atherosclerosis, as gene deficiency in adiponectin or its receptor has shown detrimental effects on plaque burden in mice. Our objective was to understand the potential roles adiponectin deficiency has on aortic plaque content, inflammation, and markers of cardiovascular disease according to sex and age. To study the influence of adiponectin status on sex and atherosclerosis, we used young male and female , , and mice, which were given a high-fat diet (HFD). Even a 50% reduction in the expression of adiponectin led to a plaque reduction in males and an increase in females compared with controls. Changes in plaque were not attributed to changes in cholesterol or cardiovascular disease markers but correlated with inflammatory markers. Plaque reduction in males was associated with reduced monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) and increased colony stimulating factor 3 (CSF3), while the increase in plaque in females correlated with the opposite effect in these markers. In old mice, both adiponectin-deficient genotypes and sexes accumulated more plaque than their respective controls. The increase in plaque with adiponectin deficiency according to age was not explained by a worsening lipid profile but correlated with increased levels of C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5). Overall, our study uncovered genotype-specific effects that differed by sex and age of adiponectin deficiency in atherosclerosis.
脂联素在动脉粥样硬化中有许多有益作用，因为脂联素或其受体的基因缺失对小鼠斑块负担有不利影响。我们的目的是了解脂联素缺乏对根据性别和年龄的主动脉斑块含量、炎症和心血管疾病标志物的潜在作用。为了研究脂联素状态对性别和动脉粥样硬化的影响，我们使用了年轻的雄性和雌性 、 、 小鼠，给予高脂肪饮食（HFD）。即使脂联素的表达降低了 50%，与对照相比，雄性的斑块减少，而雌性的斑块增加。斑块的变化与胆固醇或心血管疾病标志物的变化无关，而是与炎症标志物相关。雄性的斑块减少与单核细胞趋化蛋白 1（MCP1）减少和集落刺激因子 3（CSF3）增加有关，而雌性的斑块增加与这些标志物的相反作用相关。在老年小鼠中，脂联素缺乏的两种基因型和性别比各自的 对照积累了更多的斑块。脂联素缺乏根据年龄增加斑块的现象不能用脂质谱的恶化来解释，而是与 C-C 基序趋化因子配体 5（CCL5）水平的增加有关。总的来说，我们的研究揭示了动脉粥样硬化中脂联素缺乏的基因型特异性影响，这些影响因性别和年龄而异。
