Wang Zhaogui, Wang Lihan, Tang Feng, Shen Chengyang
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China.
Houston International Institute, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2023 Dec 29;16(1):109. doi: 10.3390/polym16010109.
This study prepares composite panels with three Polylactic acid (PLA)-based materials via the multi-material fused filament fabrication method. The influences of four processing parameters on the mechanical properties of 3D-printed samples are investigated employing the Taguchi method. These parameters include the relative volume ratio, material printing order, filling pattern, and filling density. A "larger is better" signal-to-noise analysis is performed to identify the optimal combination of printing parameters that yield maximum bending strength and bending modulus of elasticity. The results reveal that the optimal combination of printing parameters that maximizes the bending strength involves a volume ratio of 1:1:2, a material sequence of PLA/foam-agent-modified eco-friendly PLA (ePLA-LW)/glass fiber-reinforced eco-friendly PLA (ePLA-GF), a Gyroid filling pattern, and a filling density of 80%, and the optimal combination of printing parameters for maximum bending modulus involves a volume ratio of 1:2:1 with a material sequence of PLA/ePLA-LW/ePLA-GF, a Grid filling pattern, and 80% filling density. The Taguchi prediction method is utilized to determine an optimal combination of processing parameters for achieving optimal flexural performances, and predicted outcomes are validated through related experiments. The experimental values of strength and modulus are 43.91 MPa and 1.23 GPa, respectively, both very close to the predicted values of 46.87 MPa and 1.2 GPa for strength and modulus. The Taguchi experiments indicate that the material sequence is the most crucial factor influencing the flexural strength of the composite panels. The experiment result demonstrates that the flexural strength and modulus of the first material sequence are 67.72 MPa and 1.53 GPa, while the flexural strength and modulus of the third material sequence are reduced to 27.09 MPa and 0.72 GPa, respectively, only 42% and 47% of the first material sequence. The above findings provide an important reference for improving the performance of multi-material 3D-printed products.
本研究通过多材料熔融长丝制造方法制备了三种基于聚乳酸（PLA）的复合板。采用田口方法研究了四个加工参数对3D打印样品力学性能的影响。这些参数包括相对体积比、材料打印顺序、填充图案和填充密度。进行了“越大越好”的信噪比分析，以确定能产生最大弯曲强度和弯曲弹性模量的打印参数的最佳组合。结果表明，使弯曲强度最大化的打印参数最佳组合为体积比1:1:2、材料顺序为PLA/泡沫剂改性环保PLA（ePLA-LW）/玻璃纤维增强环保PLA（ePLA-GF）、Gyroid填充图案和80%的填充密度；使弯曲模量最大化的打印参数最佳组合为体积比1:2:1、材料顺序为PLA/ePLA-LW/ePLA-GF、Grid填充图案和80%的填充密度。利用田口预测方法确定实现最佳弯曲性能的加工参数的最佳组合，并通过相关实验对预测结果进行验证。强度和模量的实验值分别为43.91MPa和1.23GPa，与强度和模量的预测值46.87MPa和1.2GPa非常接近。田口实验表明，材料顺序是影响复合板弯曲强度的最关键因素。实验结果表明，第一种材料顺序的弯曲强度和模量分别为67.72MPa和1.53GPa，而第三种材料顺序的弯曲强度和模量分别降至27.09MPa和0.72GPa，仅为第一种材料顺序的42%和47%。上述研究结果为提高多材料3D打印产品的性能提供了重要参考。
