Liu Wei, Du Shuai, Sun Lin, Wang Zhijun, Ge Gentu, Jia Yushan
Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China.
Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Dec 19;13(1):6. doi: 10.3390/plants13010006.
Based on the low content of water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) attachment in oat raw materials, we assumed that the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content of oat can be reduced by adding cellulase or xylanase. The concentration of metabolizable sugars will be increased, which will assist the oat's bacterial community in fermentation and obtain a better quality of oat silage. After wilting the oat, it was treated as follows: (1) distributed water (CK); (2) silages inoculated with xylanase (X); and (3) silages inoculated with cellulase (C), ensiling for 3, 7, 14, 30, and 60 days. Cellulase and xylanase treatments both alter the fermentation and nutritional quality of ensiled oat, resulting in lower NDF, acid detergent fiber (ADF), cellulose, and hemicellulose contents, increased lactic acid and acetic acid contents, and a significant decrease in ensiling environment pH. The bacterial community undergoes significant changes with cellulase and xylanase treatments, with a significant increase in abundance in the C_14, X_30, C_30, X_60, and C_60 treatment groups, while abundance gradually decreases with longer ensiling times. Two exogenous fibrolytic enzymes also alter the bacterial diversity of ensiled oat, with different bacterial species and abundances observed in different treatment groups. Ensiled oat treated with cellulase and xylanase experiences significant changes in its own bacterial community, particularly in the abundance of . These changes result in improved fermentation and nutritional quality of oat, but the higher metabolism levels observed after 60 days of ensiling with cellulase treatment may lead to energy loss.
基于燕麦原料中水溶性碳水化合物(WSC)含量低以及乳酸菌(LAB)附着少的情况,我们推测通过添加纤维素酶或木聚糖酶可以降低燕麦的中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量。可代谢糖的浓度将会增加,这将有助于燕麦的细菌群落进行发酵,并获得质量更好的燕麦青贮饲料。燕麦萎蔫后,进行如下处理:(1)喷洒水(对照);(2)接种木聚糖酶的青贮饲料(X);(3)接种纤维素酶的青贮饲料(C),青贮3、7、14、30和60天。纤维素酶和木聚糖酶处理均改变了青贮燕麦的发酵和营养品质,导致NDF、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、纤维素和半纤维素含量降低,乳酸和乙酸含量增加,青贮环境pH值显著下降。细菌群落随着纤维素酶和木聚糖酶处理发生显著变化,在C_14、X_30、C_30、X_60和C_60处理组中 丰度显著增加,而随着青贮时间延长 丰度逐渐降低。两种外源纤维分解酶也改变了青贮燕麦的细菌多样性,不同处理组观察到不同的细菌种类和丰度。用纤维素酶和木聚糖酶处理的青贮燕麦其自身细菌群落发生显著变化,尤其是 的丰度。这些变化导致燕麦的发酵和营养品质得到改善,但纤维素酶处理青贮60天后观察到的较高代谢水平可能导致能量损失。