Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agronomy, Horticulture and Bioengineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Dec 20;25(1):90. doi: 10.3390/ijms25010090.
Autophagy is a fundamental process for plants that plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and promoting survival in response to various environmental stresses. One of the lesser-known stages of plant autophagy is the degradation of autophagic bodies in vacuoles. To this day, no plant vacuolar enzyme has been confirmed to be involved in this process. On the other hand, several enzymes have been described in yeast (), including Atg15, that possess lipolytic activity. In this preliminary study, which was conducted on isolated embryonic axes of the white lupin ( L.) and Andean lupin ( Sweet), the potential involvement of plant vacuolar lipases in the degradation of autophagic bodies was investigated. We identified in transcriptomes (using next-generation sequencing (NGS)) of white and Andean lupin embryonic axes 38 lipases with predicted vacuolar localization, and for three of them, similarities in amino acid sequences with yeast Atg15 were found. A comparative transcriptome analysis of lupin isolated embryonic axes cultured in vitro under different sucrose and asparagine nutrition, evaluating the relations in the levels of the transcripts of lipase genes, was also carried out. A clear decrease in lipase gene transcript levels caused by asparagine, a key amino acid in lupin seed metabolism which retards the degradation of autophagic bodies during sugar-starvation-induced autophagy in lupin embryonic axes, was detected. Although the question of whether lipases are involved in the degradation of autophagic bodies during plant autophagy is still open, our findings strongly support such a hypothesis.
自噬是植物的一种基本过程,对于维持细胞内稳态和促进生存至关重要,以应对各种环境压力。植物自噬的一个鲜为人知的阶段是液泡中自噬体的降解。迄今为止,尚未确认植物液泡酶参与这一过程。另一方面,酵母中已经描述了几种具有脂解活性的酶(),包括 Atg15。在这项初步研究中,我们研究了白 Lupinus( L.)和安第斯 Lupinus( Sweet)分离的胚胎轴,研究了植物液泡脂肪酶在自噬体降解中的潜在作用。我们在白 Lupinus 和安第斯 Lupinus 胚胎轴的转录组(使用下一代测序(NGS))中鉴定了 38 种具有预测液泡定位的脂肪酶,其中三种与酵母 Atg15 的氨基酸序列具有相似性。我们还对在不同蔗糖和天冬酰胺营养条件下离体培养的 Lupinus 分离胚胎轴进行了比较转录组分析,评估了脂肪酶基因转录本水平之间的关系。检测到天冬酰胺(一种在 Lupinus 种子代谢中起关键作用的氨基酸)明显降低了脂肪酶基因转录本的水平,天冬酰胺会在糖饥饿诱导的白 Lupinus 胚胎轴自噬过程中延迟自噬体的降解。尽管脂肪酶是否参与植物自噬过程中自噬体的降解仍存在疑问,但我们的研究结果强烈支持这种假说。