Department of Sociology, California State University, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Department of Sociology, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
Demography. 2024 Feb 1;61(1):115-140. doi: 10.1215/00703370-11145841.
Recent scholarship indicates that sexual minority adults have higher caregiving rates than heterosexuals and that women are more likely to be caregivers than men. However, little research has addressed how gender and sexuality intersect in shaping caregiving status. This study uses data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and aggregates a probability-based sample of adults living in 36 U.S. states between 2015 and 2021. We examine who provides care among adult heterosexual, lesbian, gay, and bisexual men and women. Results reveal that women are more likely to be caregivers than men, but only among heterosexuals. We find little variation in caregiving by sexuality among women, but bisexual men are more likely than heterosexual men to be caregivers; the latter result appears to be driven by unpartnered, bisexual men. Lastly, we contextualize caregivers' experiences and reveal selected descriptive differences in patterns of care recipient-caregiver relationships across gender and sexual identity groups. Our findings advance understanding of caregiving and changing family ties in an era of population aging and increasing diversity in sexual identities.
近期研究表明，性少数群体成年人的照料率高于异性恋者，而女性比男性更有可能成为照料者。然而，很少有研究探讨性别和性取向如何相互作用，从而影响照料者的地位。本研究使用了来自行为风险因素监测系统的数据，并汇总了 2015 年至 2021 年间居住在美国 36 个州的成年人的基于概率的样本。我们研究了异性恋、女同性恋、男同性恋和双性恋成年男性和女性中谁是照料者。结果表明，女性比男性更有可能成为照料者，但仅限于异性恋者。我们发现女性的性取向在照料方面差异不大，但双性恋男性比异性恋男性更有可能成为照料者；后者的结果似乎是由未婚的、双性恋男性驱动的。最后，我们从背景角度出发，揭示了在人口老龄化和性身份日益多样化的时代，不同性别和性身份群体的照料者的经历和护理对象-照料者关系模式的一些描述性差异。我们的研究结果增进了对照料和不断变化的家庭关系的理解，这些关系在人口老龄化和性身份日益多样化的时代背景下产生。
