National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2024 Mar 5;465:133458. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133458. Epub 2024 Jan 9.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly transmissible virus that has precipitated a worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease since 2019. Developing an effective disinfection strategy is crucial to prevent the risk of surface cross-contamination by SARS-CoV-2. This study employed pseudovirus and the receptor-binding domain (RBD) protein of SARS-CoV-2 as models to investigate the spike protein inactivation process and its underlying mechanisms using a novel nonthermal technology. Cold plasma combined with 222 nm ultraviolet (CP+UV) treatment was applied to accelerate the generation of reactive species and enhance sterilization efficiency. The results indicated that the binding activity of RBD protein was completely inhibited at specific concentrations (0.01-0.05 mg/cm) with corresponding treatment times of 15-30 s. The mechanism potentially involves the reactive species generated by CP+UV, which react with the spike protein RBD of SARS-CoV-2, leading to the loss of SARS-CoV-2 infectivity by causing damage to the β-sheet structure and chemical bonds in the RBD protein. Validated by a biosafety level 3 (BSL3) laboratory, the CP+UV treatment for 30 s could completely inactivate SARS-CoV-2 with a concentration of 19054 ± 1112 TCID/cm. Therefore, this study potentially provides a novel disinfection strategy for the inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 on surface cross-contamination.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）是一种高度传染性的病毒，自 2019 年以来引发了全球冠状病毒病大流行。开发有效的消毒策略对于防止 SARS-CoV-2 表面交叉污染的风险至关重要。本研究采用假病毒和 SARS-CoV-2 的受体结合域（RBD）蛋白作为模型，利用一种新型非热技术研究了刺突蛋白失活过程及其潜在机制。冷等离子体与 222nm 紫外线（CP+UV）联合处理用于加速活性物质的产生并提高杀菌效率。结果表明，RBD 蛋白的结合活性在特定浓度（0.01-0.05mg/cm）和相应的处理时间（15-30s）下完全被抑制。该机制可能涉及 CP+UV 产生的活性物质，这些活性物质与 SARS-CoV-2 的刺突蛋白 RBD 反应，导致 SARS-CoV-2 丧失感染力，这是由于 RBD 蛋白的β-折叠结构和化学键受到破坏所致。通过生物安全 3 级（BSL3）实验室验证，CP+UV 处理 30s 可完全灭活浓度为 19054±1112TCID/cm 的 SARS-CoV-2。因此，本研究为表面交叉污染中 SARS-CoV-2 的灭活提供了一种新的消毒策略。
