AlGheryafi Zainab Fathi, Alnasser Fatima Foud, Almukhtar Fatima Hussain, Aldajani Fatema Abdullatef, Al Qassim Fatimah Hussain, Al Zakaria Zainab Mohammed, Alshammari Shoq Obeid, Menezes Ritesh G
College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Leg Med (Tokyo). 2024 Mar;67:102388. doi: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2023.102388. Epub 2023 Dec 28.
The majority of sharp-force fatalities with stab and/or incised wounds are homicides. However, suicidal sharp-force fatalities with stab and/or incised wounds are also reported. Thus, distinguishing suicidal stab and/or incised wounds from homicidal stab and/or incised wounds is significant from the forensic perspective. This scoping review primarily summarizes the existing research findings on the differentiation of suicide from homicide in sharp-force fatalities with stab and/or incised wounds. The literature was systematically searched on February 28, 2023, using the PubMed database. A search string formed by a combination of keywords related to suicide, homicide, and stab and incised wounds yielded 23 records. After applying the eligibility criteria, six records/studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the present scoping review. Results showed that the predictive strength of various parameters, either individually or collectively, in diagnosing the manner of sharp-force fatality as suicide or homicide is not always hundred percent accurate. Some of the important predictors of the homicidal manner of death in sharp-force fatalities include clothing damage, presence of defense injuries, presence of injuries caused by another type of violence other than sharp-force, vertically oriented chest stabs, and sharp-force injuries in the head and back anatomical sites. Some of the important predictors of the suicidal manner of death in sharp-force fatalities include the presence of tentative injuries, sharp-force injuries to the wrist, and the presence of a suicide note.
大多数由刺伤和/或切割伤导致的锐器致死案件为他杀。然而，也有关于由刺伤和/或切割伤导致的自杀性锐器致死的报道。因此，从法医学角度来看，区分自杀性刺伤和/或切割伤与他杀性刺伤和/或切割伤具有重要意义。本综述主要总结了关于在由刺伤和/或切割伤导致的锐器致死案件中区分自杀和他杀的现有研究结果。于2023年2月28日使用PubMed数据库对文献进行了系统检索。由与自杀、他杀以及刺伤和切割伤相关的关键词组合而成的检索式共产生了23条记录。在应用纳入标准后，有6条记录/研究符合纳入标准并被纳入本综述。结果表明，各种参数单独或综合起来在诊断锐器致死方式是自杀还是他杀时，预测强度并非总是百分之百准确。在锐器致死案件中，一些重要的他杀死亡方式预测因素包括衣物损坏、防御伤的存在、存在除锐器伤之外的其他暴力类型造成的损伤、垂直方向的胸部刺伤以及头部和背部解剖部位的锐器伤。在锐器致死案件中，一些重要的自杀死亡方式预测因素包括试探性损伤的存在、手腕部的锐器伤以及遗书的存在。
