Adamec Lubomír, Plačková Lenka, Doležal Karel
Institute of Botany Czech Academy of Sciences Třeboň Czech Republic.
Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science Palacký University Olomouc CR Czech Republic.
Plant Direct. 2024 Jan 11;8(1):e558. doi: 10.1002/pld3.558. eCollection 2024 Jan.
Turions are vegetative, dormant, and storage overwintering organs formed in perennial aquatic plants in response to unfavorable ecological conditions and originate by extreme condensation of apical shoot segments. The contents of cytokinins, auxins, and abscisic acid were estimated in shoot apices of summer growing, rootless aquatic carnivorous plants, and , and in developing turions at three stages and full maturity to reveal hormonal patterns responsible for turion development. The hormones were analyzed in miniature turion samples using ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Photosynthetic measurements in young leaves also confirmed relatively high photosynthetic rates at later turion stages. The content of active cytokinin forms was almost stable in during turion development but markedly decreased in . In both species, auxin content culminated in the middle of turion development and then decreased again. The content of abscisic acid as the main inhibitory hormone was very low in growing plants in both species but rose greatly at first developmental stages and stayed very high in mature turions. The hormonal data indicate a great strength of developing turions within sink-source relationships and confirm the central role of abscisic acid in regulating the turion development.
块茎是多年生水生植物在不利生态条件下形成的营养性、休眠性和储存性越冬器官，由顶端茎段极度浓缩而成。对夏季生长的无根水生食虫植物的茎尖以及处于三个发育阶段和完全成熟阶段的发育中的块茎中的细胞分裂素、生长素和脱落酸含量进行了估算，以揭示负责块茎发育的激素模式。使用超高效液相色谱与三重四极杆质谱联用技术对微型块茎样品中的激素进行了分析。幼叶的光合测量也证实了在块茎发育后期光合速率相对较高。在块茎发育过程中，活性细胞分裂素形式的含量在[具体植物1]中几乎稳定，但在[具体植物2]中显著下降。在这两个物种中，生长素含量在块茎发育中期达到峰值，然后再次下降。作为主要抑制激素的脱落酸含量在这两个物种的生长植物中都非常低，但在发育初期大幅上升，并在成熟块茎中保持非常高的水平。激素数据表明在源 - 库关系中发育中的块茎具有很强的能力，并证实了脱落酸在调节块茎发育中的核心作用。
