Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain.
Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain.
Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp (Engl Ed). 2024 Mar-Apr;75(2):73-82. doi: 10.1016/j.otoeng.2023.06.011. Epub 2024 Jan 14.
In the healthcare field, the terms "traqueotomía" and "traqueostomía" are frequently used, often leading to confusion among professionals regarding the appropriate definition for each term or which one should be considered more correct in specific cases. A search was conducted for the terms "traqueotomía" and "traqueostomía" in general Spanish-language dictionaries such as the Dictionary of the Royal Spanish Academy (DRAE) and the Historical Dictionary of the Spanish Language of the Royal Spanish Academy (DHLE), as well as for the English terms "tracheotomy" and "tracheostomy" in English general dictionaries like the Oxford Dictionary, the Cambridge Dictionary, and the Collins English Dictionary. Additionally, searches were performed in medical dictionaries in both Spanish, specifically the Dictionary of Medical Terms of the National Academy of Medicine (DTM), and English, including the Farlex Dictionary. The terms were also explored using the Google search engine. Definitions were analyzed from both lexicographical and etymological perspectives. Definitions found in general dictionaries, in both Spanish and English, were found to be imprecise, limited, and ambiguous, as they mixed outdated indications with criteria that deviated from etymology. In contrast, definitions in medical dictionaries in both languages were more aligned with etymology. "Traqueotomía" strictly identifies the surgical procedure of creating an opening in the anterior face of the trachea. "Traqueostomía" identifies the creation of an opening that connects the trachea to the exterior, involving a modification of the upper airway by providing an additional entry for the respiratory pathway. "Traqueostomía" becomes the sole means of entry to the airway in total laryngectomies. Both terms can be used synonymously when a traqueotomía culminates in a traqueostomía. However, it is not appropriate to use the term "traqueostomía" when the procedure concludes with the closure of the planes and does not result in the creation of a stoma. Traqueostomas can be qualified with adjectives indicating permanence (temporary/permanent), size (large/small), shape (round/elliptical), or depth, without being linked to any specific disease or surgical indication. Not all permanent traqueostomas are the result of total laryngectomies, and they do not necessarily have an irreversible character systematically.
在医疗保健领域，术语“traqueotomía”和“traqueostomía”经常被使用，这常常导致专业人员对每个术语的适当定义感到困惑，或者在特定情况下应该认为哪个术语更正确。在一般西班牙语词典中搜索了术语“traqueotomía”和“traqueostomía”，例如皇家西班牙学院词典（DRAE）和皇家西班牙学院西班牙语历史词典（DHLE），以及英语一般词典中的术语“tracheotomy”和“tracheostomy”，如牛津词典、剑桥词典和柯林斯英语词典。此外，还在西班牙语医学词典中进行了搜索，包括国家医学院医学术语词典（DTM），以及英语词典，包括 Farlex 词典。还使用谷歌搜索引擎搜索了这些术语。从词源学和词典学的角度分析了定义。在西班牙语和英语的一般词典中找到的定义都不够准确、有限且模糊，因为它们将过时的适应症与偏离词源的标准混合在一起。相比之下，两种语言的医学词典中的定义更符合词源。“Traqueotomía”严格识别在气管前表面创建开口的手术过程。“Traqueostomía”识别创建将气管与外部连接的开口的过程，涉及通过为呼吸途径提供额外的入口来修改上呼吸道，为气道提供另一个入口。在全喉切除术中，“Traqueostomía”成为进入气道的唯一途径。当“traqueotomía”最终导致“traqueostomía”时，可以同义使用这两个术语。但是，当手术结束时没有形成造口，而只是关闭了平面，就不应该使用“traqueostomía”这个术语。气管造口可以用形容词来修饰，如永久性（临时/永久性）、大小（大/小）、形状（圆形/椭圆形）或深度，而不与任何特定疾病或手术适应症相关。并非所有永久性气管造口都是全喉切除术的结果，它们不一定具有系统的不可逆特征。
