Miller Una Kim, Zappa Christopher J, Gordon Arnold L, Yoon Seung-Tae, Stevens Craig, Lee Won Sang
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York, USA.
Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.
Nat Commun. 2024 Jan 16;15(1):373. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-43880-1.
High Salinity Shelf Water (HSSW) formed in the Ross Sea of Antarctica is a precursor to Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW), a water mass that constitutes the bottom limb of the global overturning circulation. HSSW production rates are poorly constrained, as in-situ observations are scarce. Here, we present high-vertical-and-temporal-resolution salinity time series collected in austral winter 2017 from a mooring in Terra Nova Bay (TNB), one of two major sites of HSSW production in the Ross Sea. We calculate an annual-average HSSW production rate of ~0.4 Sv (10 m s), which we use to ground truth additional estimates across 2012-2021 made from parametrized net surface heat fluxes. We find sub-seasonal and interannual variability on the order of [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text], with a strong dependence on variability in open-water area that suggests a sensitivity of TNB HSSW production rates to changes in the local wind regime and offshore sea ice pack.
在南极罗斯海形成的高盐度陆架水（HSSW）是南极底层水（AABW）的前身，AABW是构成全球翻转环流底部分支的水体。由于现场观测稀缺，HSSW的生成速率难以精确确定。在此，我们展示了2017年南半球冬季从位于罗斯海两个主要HSSW生成地点之一的特拉诺瓦湾（TNB）的一个系泊点收集的高垂直分辨率和时间分辨率的盐度时间序列。我们计算出年平均HSSW生成速率约为0.4 Sv（10米每秒），并用其来验证基于参数化净表面热通量对2012 - 2021年期间进行的其他估算。我们发现次季节和年际变化幅度约为[公式：见正文][公式：见正文]，且强烈依赖于开阔水域面积的变化，这表明TNB的HSSW生成速率对当地风况和近海海冰堆积的变化较为敏感。
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