Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA; email:
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964, USA; email:
Ann Rev Mar Sci. 2018 Jan 3;10:503-527. doi: 10.1146/annurev-marine-121916-063414. Epub 2017 Sep 6.
Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) is the coldest, densest, most prolific water mass in the global ocean. AABW forms at several distinct regions along the Antarctic coast and feeds into the bottom limb of the meridional overturning circulation, filling most of the global deep ocean. AABW has warmed, freshened, and declined in volume around the globe in recent decades, which has implications for the global heat and sea level rise budgets. Over the past three decades, the use of tracers, especially time-varying tracers such as chlorofluorocarbons, has been essential to our understanding of the formation, circulation, and variability of AABW. Here, we review three decades of temperature, salinity, and tracer data and analysis that have led to our current knowledge of AABW and how the southern component of deep-ocean ventilation is changing with time.
南极底层水（AABW）是全球海洋中最冷、最密集、最丰富的水体。AABW 在南极海岸的几个不同地区形成，并进入经向翻转环流的底部分支，填充了全球大部分深海。在最近几十年里，AABW 在全球范围内变暖、变咸和体积减少，这对全球热量和海平面上升预算有影响。在过去的三十年里，示踪剂的使用，特别是时变示踪剂如氯氟碳化物的使用，对于我们理解 AABW 的形成、循环和变异性至关重要。在这里，我们回顾了过去三十年的温度、盐度和示踪剂数据和分析，这些数据和分析使我们对 AABW 有了当前的认识，以及深海通风的南部组成部分如何随时间变化。
