Rodrigues Pacheco Diana, Vieira Cecília, Freitas Inês, Santos Joaquim, Salgado João, Lopes Patrícia
Family Medicine, Unidade de Saúde Familiar Horizonte - Unidade Local de Saúde de Matosinhos, Matosinhos, PRT.
Family Medicine, Unidade de Saúde Familiar Leça - Unidade Local de Saúde de Matosinhos, Matosinhos, PRT.
Cureus. 2023 Dec 17;15(12):e50655. doi: 10.7759/cureus.50655. eCollection 2023 Dec.
INTRODUCTION: The therapeutic approach to the most common respiratory diseases, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), involves the use of inhalation devices. Its use is essential, but incorrect use is frequent, and learning and reviewing the technique is necessary for the adequate management of these diseases. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to increase the knowledge of health professionals from pharmacies in the municipality of Matosinhos, Portugal, about the correct inhalation technique. METHODS: The project developed from May 2022 to June 2023 was based on a training session for pharmacy professionals that took place after professionals completed a questionnaire and after evaluating each participant's inhalation technique by the authors using a checklist. Both were reapplied three months after the first evaluation. RESULTS: Fifteen pharmacies in Matosinhos, Portugal, were invited, of which eight agreed to participate, with a total of 16 health professionals (30.8% of professionals in these pharmacies). We found that professionals questioned and taught users more times about the inhalation technique and that a greater number of professionals considered they knew how to correctly perform the inhalation technique in the second assessment. It was also possible to verify statistically significant differences (p<0.001) between the mean of correct steps in the inhalation technique between the first and second assessments. There was also an improvement in the qualitative analysis of errors in the inhalation technique. In the first assessment, the inhalation devices with the lowest percentage of correct steps were Forspiro® and Respimat®. In the second evaluation, the Diskus® and Ellipta® devices obtained 100% correct steps, with the K-haler® being the device with the lowest percentage. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the effectiveness of continuous training for health professionals and the importance of multidisciplinary cooperation in teaching inhalation techniques. Other studies are needed to complement these results, particularly with representative samples of the general population, or assessing the impact of this intervention in patients with respiratory diseases.
引言：治疗最常见的呼吸道疾病——哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的方法包括使用吸入装置。其使用至关重要，但不正确的使用情况很常见，学习和复习该技术对于这些疾病的妥善管理是必要的。 目的：本研究旨在增加葡萄牙马托西纽什市药房的卫生专业人员对正确吸入技术的了解。 方法：2022年5月至2023年6月开展的该项目基于为药房专业人员举办的一次培训课程，该课程在专业人员完成一份问卷后进行，并且作者使用一份清单对每位参与者的吸入技术进行评估之后进行。在首次评估三个月后，这两项内容再次应用。 结果：邀请了葡萄牙马托西纽什市的15家药房，其中8家同意参与，共有16名卫生专业人员（占这些药房专业人员的30.8%）。我们发现，专业人员在第二次评估中对吸入技术向使用者提问和讲解的次数更多，并且更多专业人员认为他们知道如何正确进行吸入技术操作。还能够验证首次评估和第二次评估之间吸入技术正确步骤平均值的统计学显著差异（p<0.001）。吸入技术错误的定性分析也有改进。在首次评估中，正确步骤百分比最低的吸入装置是Forspiro®和Respimat®。在第二次评估中，Diskus®和Ellipta®装置的步骤全部正确，而K-haler®装置的正确步骤百分比最低。 结论：本研究证实了对卫生专业人员进行持续培训的有效性以及多学科合作在教授吸入技术方面的重要性。需要其他研究来补充这些结果，特别是采用具有代表性的普通人群样本，或者评估这种干预对呼吸道疾病患者的影响。
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