Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center & Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke Pratt School of Engineering, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Curr Opin Neurol. 2024 Apr 1;37(2):134-140. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000001246. Epub 2024 Jan 17.
Clinical electroencephalography (EEG) is a conservative medical field. This explains likely the significant gap between clinical practice and new research developments. This narrative review discusses possible causes of this discrepancy and how to circumvent them. More specifically, we summarize recent advances in three applications of clinical EEG: source imaging (ESI), high-frequency oscillations (HFOs) and EEG in critically ill patients.
Recently published studies on ESI provide further evidence for the accuracy and clinical utility of this method in the multimodal presurgical evaluation of patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy, and opened new possibilities for further improvement of the accuracy. HFOs have received much attention as a novel biomarker in epilepsy. However, recent studies questioned their clinical utility at the level of individual patients. We discuss the impediments, show up possible solutions and highlight the perspectives of future research in this field. EEG in the ICU has been one of the major driving forces in the development of clinical EEG. We review the achievements and the limitations in this field.
This review will promote clinical implementation of recent advances in EEG, in the fields of ESI, HFOs and EEG in the intensive care.
临床脑电图（EEG）是一个保守的医学领域。这就解释了为什么临床实践与新的研究进展之间存在显著差距。本叙述性综述讨论了这种差异的可能原因以及如何克服这些原因。更具体地说，我们总结了临床 EEG 在三个应用领域的最新进展：源成像（ESI）、高频振荡（HFOs）和重症监护患者的 EEG。
最近发表的关于 ESI 的研究为该方法在耐药性局灶性癫痫患者的多模态术前评估中的准确性和临床实用性提供了进一步的证据，并为进一步提高准确性开辟了新的可能性。HFOs 作为癫痫的一种新型生物标志物受到了广泛关注。然而，最近的研究对其在个体患者层面的临床实用性提出了质疑。我们讨论了其中的障碍，提出了可能的解决方案，并强调了该领域未来研究的前景。重症监护病房中的 EEG 一直是临床 EEG 发展的主要驱动力之一。我们回顾了这一领域的成就和局限性。
本综述将促进 ESI、HFOs 和重症监护患者 EEG 等领域的最新进展在临床中的应用。
