Calev A, Korin Y, Shapira B, Kugelmass S, Lerer B
Psychol Med. 1986 Nov;16(4):789-94. doi: 10.1017/s0033291700011806.
This study uses matched-tasks methodology in order to test memory function in depressed and euthymic patients with major affective disorder. Neither drug-free depressed patients nor lithium-treated euthymic patients show a differential deficit in verbal versus non-verbal recall. However, while euthymic patients show no memory impairment, drug-free depressives do show poor memory functioning. The results support the view that memory deficits observed in affective patients in the depressed state are transient, secondary manifestations of depression and are neither indicative of underlying organic pathology, nor of abnormal hemispheric laterality. This suggests that memory impairment in depression can be treated by treating depressive symptoms, both chemically and behaviourally. The results also support the view that prophylactic lithium treatment has no adverse effects on these memory tasks.
本研究采用匹配任务方法，以测试重度情感障碍的抑郁患者和心境正常患者的记忆功能。未服用药物的抑郁患者和接受锂盐治疗的心境正常患者在言语回忆与非言语回忆方面均未表现出差异缺陷。然而，虽然心境正常的患者没有记忆损害，但未服用药物的抑郁患者确实存在记忆功能较差的情况。这些结果支持了这样一种观点，即情感障碍患者在抑郁状态下观察到的记忆缺陷是抑郁的短暂继发性表现，既不表明潜在的器质性病变，也不表明半球偏侧性异常。这表明，抑郁中的记忆损害可以通过化学和行为方式治疗抑郁症状来加以治疗。这些结果还支持了预防性锂盐治疗对这些记忆任务没有不良影响这一观点。
