1College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO.
2College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2023 Oct 10;262(2):256-262. doi: 10.2460/javma.23.07.0427. Print 2024 Feb 1.
To describe the surgical technique and clinical outcome of small ruminants treated for obstructive urolithiasis using a modified tube cystostomy (MTC) technique.
15 goats and 2 sheep treated with an MTC between March 2018 and February 2023.
Animals were diagnosed with obstructive urolithiasis on the basis of history, physical examination, and ultrasonographic examination. An MTC was performed with sedation and a local block. Postoperative medical management was instituted to help reestablish urethral patency, and Foley catheters were removed after successful urination.
Animals were hospitalized an average of 3 nights (range, 0 to 14 nights). Complications included urine spillage in the abdomen and accidental deflation of the Foley balloon. Six animals were euthanized due to poor prognosis or failure to regain urethral patency. Foley catheters were removed an average of 15.7 days postoperatively in animals that regained urethral patency. Long-term (> 1-month) follow-up was available for 8 animals, with an average postoperative survival time of 19.4 months (range, 1 to 58 months). Four animals were lost to long-term follow-up.
This MTC technique is an effective means of catheterizing the urinary bladder in small ruminants. It can be performed under field conditions and serve as a standalone procedure for providing temporary urine egress. Patient size is limited by the length of the introducer, and an intact, distended urinary bladder and plan for reestablishing urethral patency are important considerations.
描述使用改良管膀胱造口术（MTC）治疗阻塞性尿路结石的小反刍动物的手术技术和临床结果。
2018 年 3 月至 2023 年 2 月期间，15 只山羊和 2 只绵羊接受 MTC 治疗。
根据病史、体格检查和超声检查诊断动物患有阻塞性尿路结石。在镇静和局部阻滞下进行 MTC。术后给予药物治疗以帮助恢复尿道通畅，并在成功排尿后取出 Foley 导管。
动物平均住院 3 晚（0-14 晚）。并发症包括腹部尿液渗漏和 Foley 球囊意外放气。由于预后不良或未能恢复尿道通畅，6 只动物被安乐死。在恢复尿道通畅的动物中，Foley 导管平均在术后 15.7 天取出。8 只动物有超过 1 个月的长期（>1 个月）随访，平均术后生存时间为 19.4 个月（1-58 个月）。4 只动物失去长期随访。
这种 MTC 技术是在小反刍动物中进行膀胱置管的有效方法。它可以在野外条件下进行，并且可以作为一种临时提供尿液流出的独立程序。患者的大小受导入器长度的限制，并且需要完整、扩张的膀胱和恢复尿道通畅的计划是重要的考虑因素。
