School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2024 Mar;168:106529. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2024.106529. Epub 2024 Jan 19.
Gene fusions have had a significant role in the development of various types of cancer, oftentimes involved in oncogenic activities through dysregulation of gene expression or signalling pathways. Some cancer-associated chromosomal translocations can undergo backsplicing, resulting in fusion-circular RNAs, a more stable isoform immune to RNase degradation. This stability makes fusion circular RNAs a promising diagnostic biomarker for cancer. While the detection of linear fusion RNAs and their function in certain cancers have been described in literature, fusion circular RNAs lag behind due to their low abundance in cancer cells. This review highlights current literature on the role of linear and circular fusion transcripts in cancer, tools currently available for detecting of these chimeric RNAs and their function and how they play a role in tumorigenesis.
基因融合在各种类型癌症的发展中起着重要作用，通常通过基因表达或信号通路的失调参与致癌活性。一些与癌症相关的染色体易位可以进行反式剪接，导致融合环状 RNA 的产生，这种更稳定的亚型不易被 RNA 酶降解。这种稳定性使得融合环状 RNA 成为癌症有前途的诊断生物标志物。虽然文献中已经描述了线性融合 RNA 的检测及其在某些癌症中的功能，但由于其在癌细胞中的丰度较低，融合环状 RNA 的检测仍落后。这篇综述强调了线性和环状融合转录本在癌症中的作用、目前可用于检测这些嵌合 RNA 及其功能的工具，以及它们如何在肿瘤发生中发挥作用。
