Biomedical Genetics Research Lab, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, India.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, India.
Epigenetics Chromatin. 2024 Jan 22;17(1):1. doi: 10.1186/s13072-024-00525-x.
The functioning of the human immune system is highly dependent on the sex of the individual, which comes by virtue of sex chromosomes and hormonal differences. Epigenetic mechanisms such as X chromosome inactivation, mosaicism, skewing, and dimorphism in X chromosome genes and Y chromosome regulatory genes create a sex-based variance in the immune response between males and females. This leads to differential susceptibility in immune-related disorders like infections, autoimmunity, and malignancies. Various naturally available immunomodulators are also available which target immune pathways containing X chromosome genes.
人体免疫系统的功能高度依赖于个体的性别，这取决于性染色体和激素的差异。表观遗传机制，如 X 染色体失活、镶嵌现象、偏倚和 X 染色体基因及 Y 染色体调节基因的二态性，在男性和女性的免疫反应中产生了基于性别的差异。这导致了免疫相关疾病（如感染、自身免疫和恶性肿瘤）的易感性差异。各种天然存在的免疫调节剂也可靶向包含 X 染色体基因的免疫途径。
