Manenti Guglielmo, Coppeta Luca, Kirev Ivan Valentinov, Verno Greta, Garaci Francesco, Magrini Andrea, Floris Roberto
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Molecular Imaging and Radiotherapy, PTV Foundation, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Jan 18;12(2):238. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12020238.
Historically, non-cancer diseases have not been considered a health risk following low-dose exposure to ionizing radiation. However, it is now well known that high-dose ionizing radiation causes cardiovascular disease, and emerging epidemiological evidence suggests an excess risk of non-cancer diseases even following exposure to lower doses of ionizing radiation than previously thought. In fact, the evidence is strongest for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this review was to report the most representative studies and data on the risk of CVD from low-dose radiation in people with occupational exposure. We reported the results of 27 articles selected from a database search of 1151 studies. The results show a complex evidence landscape on the relationship between radiation exposure and cardiovascular disease. In general, published papers show a positive association between ionizing radiation exposure and dermal microcirculation damage, ischemic heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease. Overall, they highlight the need for comprehensive and detailed research to clarify this relationship. Due to limited statistical power, the dose-risk relationship below 0.5 Gy is inconclusive, but if this relationship is found to have no threshold, it could have a significant impact on current estimates of health risks at low doses.
从历史上看，非癌症疾病在低剂量接触电离辐射后未被视为健康风险。然而，现在众所周知，高剂量电离辐射会导致心血管疾病，而且新出现的流行病学证据表明，即使接触比以前认为的更低剂量的电离辐射，非癌症疾病的风险也会增加。事实上，心血管疾病（CVD）的证据最为确凿。本综述的目的是报告关于职业暴露人群中低剂量辐射导致心血管疾病风险的最具代表性的研究和数据。我们报告了从对1151项研究的数据库搜索中选出的27篇文章的结果。结果显示，关于辐射暴露与心血管疾病之间的关系，证据情况较为复杂。总体而言，已发表的论文表明电离辐射暴露与皮肤微循环损伤、缺血性心脏病和脑血管疾病之间存在正相关。总体而言，它们强调了进行全面而详细的研究以阐明这种关系的必要性。由于统计效力有限，低于0.5 Gy的剂量-风险关系尚无定论，但如果发现这种关系没有阈值，可能会对当前低剂量健康风险的估计产生重大影响。
