Chung Hyun Woo, Park Kyoung Sik, Lim Ilhan, Noh Woo Chul, Yoo Young Bum, Nam Sang Eun, So Young, Lee Eun Jeong
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, 120-1 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05030, Republic of Korea.
Department of Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, 120-1 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05030, Republic of Korea.
Biomedicines. 2024 Jan 12;12(1):172. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12010172.
Breast cancer, with its global prevalence and impact on women's health, necessitates effective early detection and accurate staging for optimal patient outcomes. Traditional imaging modalities such as mammography, ultrasound, and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) play crucial roles in local-regional assessment, while bone scintigraphy and F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) aid in evaluating distant metastasis. Despite the proven utility of F-FDG PET/CT in various cancers, its limitations in breast cancer, such as high false-negative rates for small and low-grade tumors, have driven exploration into novel targets for PET radiotracers, including estrogen receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2, fibroblast activation protein, and hypoxia. The advent of PET/MRI, which combines metabolic PET information with high anatomical detail from MRI, has emerged as a promising tool for breast cancer diagnosis, staging, treatment response assessment, and restaging. Technical advancements including the integration of PET and MRI, considerations in patient preparation, and optimized imaging protocols contribute to the success of dedicated breast and whole-body PET/MRI. This comprehensive review offers the current technical aspects and clinical applications of PET/MRI for breast cancer. Additionally, novel targets in breast cancer for PET radiotracers beyond glucose metabolism are explored.
乳腺癌在全球范围内的发病率及其对女性健康的影响，使得有效的早期检测和准确的分期对于实现最佳患者预后至关重要。传统的成像方式，如乳腺X线摄影、超声和动态对比增强磁共振成像（MRI）在局部区域评估中发挥着关键作用，而骨闪烁显像和F-氟脱氧葡萄糖正电子发射断层扫描/计算机断层扫描（F-FDG PET/CT）有助于评估远处转移。尽管F-FDG PET/CT在各种癌症中已被证明具有实用性，但其在乳腺癌中的局限性，如对小肿瘤和低级别肿瘤的高假阴性率，促使人们探索PET放射性示踪剂的新靶点，包括雌激素受体、人表皮生长因子受体2、成纤维细胞活化蛋白和缺氧。PET/MRI的出现，它将代谢PET信息与MRI的高解剖细节相结合，已成为乳腺癌诊断、分期、治疗反应评估和再分期的一种有前景的工具。包括PET与MRI整合、患者准备方面的考虑以及优化成像方案在内的技术进步有助于专用乳腺和全身PET/MRI的成功。这篇综述介绍了PET/MRI在乳腺癌方面当前的技术层面和临床应用。此外，还探讨了除葡萄糖代谢外乳腺癌中PET放射性示踪剂的新靶点。
