Chai Jing, Qiu Fengqi, Zhu Lei, Zhang Dingding
College of Energy Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China.
China Coal Energy Research Institute Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710054, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 Jan 12;24(2):478. doi: 10.3390/s24020478.
Addressing the issue of low filling efficiency in gangue slurry backfilling due to unclear evolution characteristics of voids in the overlying collapsed rock mass during mining, this study utilizes fiber optic sensing technology to monitor real-time strain changes within the rock mass. It proposes a void zoning method based on fiber optic sensing for mining the overlying rock and, in combination with physical model experiments, systematically investigates the dimensions, distribution, and deformation characteristics of rock mass voids. By analyzing fiber optic sensing data, the correlation between the rate of void expansion and the stress state of the rock mass is revealed. The research results demonstrate that as mining progresses, the internal voids of the rock mass gradually expand, exhibiting complex spatial distribution patterns. During the mining process, the expansion of voids within the overlying collapsed rock mass is closely related to the stress state of the rock mass. The rate of void expansion is influenced by changes in stress, making stress regulation a key factor in preventing void expansion and rock mass instability. The application of fiber optic sensing technology allows for more accurate monitoring of changes in rock mass voids, enabling precise zoning of voids in the overlying collapsed rock mass during mining. This zoning method has been validated against traditional theoretical calculations and experimental results. This research expands our understanding of the evolution characteristics of voids in overlying collapsed rock mass and provides valuable reference for backfilling engineering practices and backfilling parameter optimization.
针对采矿过程中覆岩冒落岩体空洞演化特征不明导致煤矸石浆体充填效率低下的问题，本研究利用光纤传感技术实时监测岩体内部应变变化。提出了一种基于光纤传感的覆岩开采空洞分区方法，并结合物理模型试验，系统研究了岩体空洞的尺寸、分布及变形特征。通过分析光纤传感数据，揭示了空洞扩展速率与岩体应力状态之间的相关性。研究结果表明，随着开采推进，岩体内部空洞逐渐扩展，呈现出复杂的空间分布形态。在开采过程中，覆岩冒落岩体内部空洞的扩展与岩体应力状态密切相关。空洞扩展速率受应力变化影响，使得应力调控成为防止空洞扩展和岩体失稳的关键因素。光纤传感技术的应用能够更准确地监测岩体空洞变化，实现开采过程中覆岩冒落岩体空洞的精确分区。该分区方法已通过传统理论计算和实验结果验证。本研究拓展了对覆岩冒落岩体空洞演化特征的认识，为充填工程实践及充填参数优化提供了有价值的参考。
