Slouha Ethan, Patel Bansari, Mohamed Ahmed, Razeq Ziyad, Clunes Lucy A, Kollias Theofanis F
Anatomical Sciences, St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George's, GRD.
Pharmacy, St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George's, GRD.
Cureus. 2023 Dec 23;15(12):e51003. doi: 10.7759/cureus.51003. eCollection 2023 Dec.
Psychotherapy has many forms, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), mindfulness therapy (MFT), and hypnotherapy, to name a few. Cognitive behavioral therapy is the gold standard in therapy-based treatment and is used for cognitive restructuring to reduce safety-seeking and avoidant behaviors. While the main application of psychotherapy is psychological disorders, recent studies have found that it is beneficial for somatic and physiological symptoms such as chronic pain or even irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Irritable bowel syndrome is a common but debilitating gastrointestinal condition that has a prevalence of 12% in the United States and costs the average patient $9,776 annually in 2023. Irritatable bowel syndrome is a condition of exclusion but consists of abdominal discomfort or pain and must be associated with altered bowel habits as stated in the Rome IV criteria. At least half of these patients also exhibit extracolonic symptoms, most commonly psychological disorders like anxiety and stress. The true etiology of IBS is not understood, but ideas such as the brain-gut axis, stress response system, and gut microbiota have been evaluated. Treatment of IBS is extensive and heavily relies on the patient-physician interaction, but pharmacologic therapies have been employed and are sometimes unsuccessful. Irritable bowel syndrome impacts an individual as a whole, making them hesitate whether or not they eat a particular food or even go out to do an activity because of the unpredictable bowel pattern. Finding a better solution is essential to improving the patient's quality of life (QoL), especially by addressing how they perceive the illness, how they adjust to it, and even how they determine what foods to consume. This paper aims to evaluate whether or not psychotherapy can be employed to improve all aspects of IBS, as well as if it can reduce the cost of IBS treatment.
心理治疗有多种形式，比如认知行为疗法（CBT）、正念疗法（MFT）和催眠疗法等等。认知行为疗法是基于治疗的治疗方法中的金标准，用于认知重构以减少寻求安全和回避行为。虽然心理治疗的主要应用是针对心理障碍，但最近的研究发现，它对慢性疼痛甚至肠易激综合征（IBS）等躯体和生理症状有益。肠易激综合征是一种常见但使人衰弱的胃肠道疾病，在美国的患病率为12%，2023年平均每位患者每年花费9776美元。肠易激综合征是一种排除性疾病，但包括腹部不适或疼痛，并且必须如罗马IV标准所述与排便习惯改变相关。这些患者中至少一半还表现出结肠外症状，最常见的是焦虑和压力等心理障碍。IBS的真正病因尚不清楚，但脑-肠轴、应激反应系统和肠道微生物群等概念已被评估。IBS的治疗方法广泛且严重依赖患者与医生的互动，但也采用了药物治疗，有时并不成功。肠易激综合征会对个体产生全面影响，由于排便模式不可预测，导致他们在是否吃特定食物甚至是否外出参加活动方面犹豫不决。找到更好的解决方案对于提高患者生活质量（QoL）至关重要，特别是通过解决他们对疾病的认知、如何适应疾病，甚至如何确定吃什么食物等问题。本文旨在评估心理治疗是否可用于改善IBS的各个方面，以及是否可以降低IBS的治疗成本。
