Que Youxiong, Wu Qibin, Zhang Hua, Luo Jun, Zhang Yuebin
National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China.
National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kaiyuan, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2024 Jan 8;14:1337144. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1337144. eCollection 2023.
The sugar industry, which relates to people's livelihood, is strategic and fundamental in the development of agricultural economy. In China, sugar derived from sugarcane accounts for approximately 85% of total sugar production. Mechanization is the "flower" of sugarcane industry. As the saying goes "when there are blooming flowers, there will be sweet honey." However, due to limitations in land resources, technology, equipment, organization, and management, mechanization throughout the sugarcane production process has not yet brought about the economic benefits that a mechanized system should provide and has not reached an ideal yield through the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomic practice. This paper briefly describes how to initiate the mechanization of Chinese sugarcane production to promote the sound, healthy, and rapid development of the sugarcane industry, and how to ultimately achieve the transformation of sugarcane breeding in China and the modernization of the sugarcane industry from three perspectives, namely, requirements of mechanized production for sugarcane varieties, breeding strategies for selecting new sugarcane varieties suitable for mechanized production, and screening for sugarcane varieties that are suitable for mechanization and diversification in variety distribution or arrangement in China. We also highlight the current challenges surrounding this topic and look forward to its bright prospects.
制糖业关乎民生,在农业经济发展中具有战略性和基础性地位。在中国,甘蔗制糖约占食糖总产量的85%。机械化是甘蔗产业的“花”。俗话说“花开自有甜蜜来”。然而,由于土地资源、技术、设备、组织和管理等方面的限制,甘蔗生产全过程的机械化尚未带来机械化系统应有的经济效益,也未能通过农机与农艺融合实现理想产量。本文从甘蔗品种机械化生产要求、选育适合机械化生产的甘蔗新品种的育种策略以及筛选适合中国机械化且品种分布或布局多样化的甘蔗品种这三个方面,简要阐述如何开启中国甘蔗生产机械化进程,以推动甘蔗产业健康、快速发展,最终实现中国甘蔗育种转型和甘蔗产业现代化。我们还强调了围绕这一主题当前面临的挑战,并展望了其光明前景。