Ijaz M, Javed M U, Ahmed A, Rasheed H, Shah S F A, Ali M
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Ph.D. Student in Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Iran J Vet Res. 2023;24(3):215-226. doi: 10.22099/IJVR.2023.46970.6755.
Methicillin-resistant (MRSA), affecting livestock and human beings, has become a global public health hazard with economic consequences.
The current study was designed to investigate the prevailing MRSA-associated subclinical mastitis and associated risk factors in dairy buffaloes. The study also highlighted the genetic variations and in silico-based proteomic differences among MRSA isolates.
Out of 516 milk samples, 45.93% (237/516) were found positive for subclinical mastitis, while the prevalence of was recorded 56.12% The methicillin resistance in isolates was evaluated by oxacillin disc diffusion test and molecular identification of the gene.
The results revealed a phenotypic and molecular prevalence of MRSA at 45.11% and 18.79%, respectively. The risk factor analysis revealed that among various assumed risk factors, parity, milking hygiene, milker care during milking, milk yield, housing system, and floor type were significantly associated with subclinical mastitis in buffaloes. The sequencing and phylogenetic analysis showed no significant genetic variations among study isolates and depicted a high similarity with isolates from Africa, USA, India, Italy, Turkey, and Iran. The in-silico protein analysis showed that all sequences had the same protein motifs resembling penicillin protein 2a except Buff-13, whose protein structure resembles alpha-catenin-like protein hmp-1.
The current study was the first report of the genotypic characterization and in silico protein analysis of MRSA from dairy buffaloes in Pakistan. The result highlighted the importance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and development of control strategies against MRSA infections.
耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）感染家畜和人类，已成为具有经济影响的全球公共卫生危害。
本研究旨在调查乳用水牛中普遍存在的与MRSA相关的亚临床乳腺炎及相关危险因素。该研究还强调了MRSA分离株之间的基因变异和基于计算机的蛋白质组学差异。
在516份牛奶样本中，45.93%（237/516）被发现亚临床乳腺炎呈阳性，而MRSA的流行率记录为56.12%。通过苯唑西林纸片扩散试验和mecA基因的分子鉴定评估分离株中的耐甲氧西林情况。
结果显示，MRSA的表型和分子流行率分别为45.11%和18.79%。危险因素分析显示，在各种假定的危险因素中，胎次、挤奶卫生、挤奶时对挤奶工的护理、产奶量、饲养系统和地面类型与水牛亚临床乳腺炎显著相关。测序和系统发育分析表明，研究分离株之间没有显著的基因变异，并且与来自非洲、美国、印度、意大利、土耳其和伊朗的分离株具有高度相似性。基于计算机的蛋白质分析表明，除了Buff-13外，所有序列都具有与青霉素蛋白2a相似的相同蛋白质基序，Buff-13的蛋白质结构类似于α-连环蛋白样蛋白hmp-1。
本研究是巴基斯坦乳用水牛MRSA基因特征和基于计算机的蛋白质分析的首次报告。结果强调了抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）的重要性以及制定针对MRSA感染的控制策略。
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