Gold Joshua M, Drewnowski Adam, Andersen M Robyn, Rose Chelsea, Buszkiewicz James, Mou Jin, Ko Linda K
Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Department of Cancer Prevention, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Wellbeing Space Soc. 2023 Dec;5. doi: 10.1016/j.wss.2023.100171. Epub 2023 Sep 3.
Rates of obesity are significantly higher for those living in a rural versus urban setting. High levels of stress and low levels of subjective well-being (SWB) have been linked to poor weight-related behaviors and outcomes, but it is unclear if these relationships differ as a function of rurality. This study investigated the extent to which living in a rural versus urban county ("rurality") moderated associations between stress / subjective wellbeing (predictors) and diet quality, dietary intake of added sugars, physical activity, and BMI (outcomes).
Participants were recruited from urban ( = 355) and rural ( = 347) counties in Washington State and self-reported psychological, demographic, and food frequency questionnaires while physical activity behavior was measured objectively.
After controlling for relevant covariates, levels of stress were positively associated with added sugar intake for those living in the urban county while this relationship was non-significant for those residing in the rural county. Similarly, SWB was negatively associated with added sugar intake, but only for urban residents. County of residence was also found to moderate the relationship between SWB and BMI. Higher SWB was inversely associated with BMI for those living in the urban county while no relationship was observed for rural county residents.
These findings support the hypothesis that the relationships between stress / SWB and weight function differentially based on the rurality of the residing county. This work adds to the growing body of literature highlighting the role stress and SWB play in the rural obesity disparity.
生活在农村地区的人群肥胖率显著高于城市地区。高水平的压力和低水平的主观幸福感（SWB）与不良的体重相关行为及结果有关，但尚不清楚这些关系是否因农村地区的差异而有所不同。本研究调查了生活在农村与城市县（“农村地区”）对压力/主观幸福感（预测因素）与饮食质量、添加糖的饮食摄入量、身体活动和体重指数（结果）之间关联的调节程度。
从华盛顿州的城市县（n = 355）和农村县（n = 347）招募参与者，他们自行报告心理、人口统计学和食物频率问卷，同时客观测量身体活动行为。
在控制相关协变量后，城市县居民的压力水平与添加糖摄入量呈正相关，而农村县居民的这种关系不显著。同样，主观幸福感与添加糖摄入量呈负相关，但仅适用于城市居民。还发现居住县会调节主观幸福感与体重指数之间的关系。城市县居民中，较高的主观幸福感与体重指数呈负相关，而农村县居民未观察到这种关系。
这些发现支持了这样的假设，即压力/主观幸福感与体重之间的关系因居住县的农村地区差异而有所不同。这项工作增加了越来越多的文献，强调了压力和主观幸福感在农村肥胖差异中所起的作用。
