Takata Takanobu, Masauji Togen, Motoo Yoshiharu
Division of Molecular and Genetic Biology, Department of Life Science, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada 920-0293, Ishikawa, Japan.
Department of Pharmacy, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Uchinada 920-0293, Ishikawa, Japan.
Metabolites. 2023 Dec 19;14(1):3. doi: 10.3390/metabo14010003.
Lifestyle-related diseases (LSRDs), such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, are a global crisis. Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) have been extensively researched because they trigger or promote LSRDs. Recently, techniques such as fluorimetry, immunostaining, Western blotting, slot blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, matrix-assisted laser desorption-mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS), and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) have helped prove the existence of intra/extracellular AGEs and revealed novel AGE structures and their modifications against peptide sequences. Therefore, we propose modifications to the existing categorization of AGEs, which was based on the original compounds identified by researchers in the 20th century. In this investigation, we introduce the (i) crude, (ii) diverse, and (iii) multiple AGE patterns. The crude AGE pattern is based on the fact that one type of saccharide or its metabolites or derivatives can generate various AGEs. Diverse and multiple AGE patterns were introduced based on the possibility of combining various AGE structures and proteins and were proven through mass analysis technologies such as MALDI-MS and ESI-MS. Kampo medicines are typically used to treat LSRDs. Because various compounds are contained in Kampo medicines and metabolized to exert effects on various organs or tissues, they may be suitable against various AGEs.
生活方式相关疾病（LSRDs），如糖尿病、心血管疾病和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎，是一场全球性危机。晚期糖基化终产物（AGEs）已被广泛研究，因为它们会引发或促进生活方式相关疾病。最近，诸如荧光测定法、免疫染色、蛋白质印迹法、狭线印迹法、酶联免疫吸附测定法、气相色谱-质谱联用、基质辅助激光解吸质谱（MALDI-MS）和电喷雾电离质谱（ESI-MS）等技术，已有助于证明细胞内/外AGEs的存在，并揭示了新的AGE结构及其对肽序列的修饰。因此，我们建议对基于20世纪研究人员鉴定出的原始化合物的AGEs现有分类进行修改。在本研究中，我们引入了（i）粗略、（ii）多样和（iii）多重AGE模式。粗略AGE模式基于这样一个事实，即一种糖类或其代谢物或衍生物可生成各种AGEs。多样和多重AGE模式是基于组合各种AGE结构和蛋白质的可能性而引入的，并通过MALDI-MS和ESI-MS等质谱分析技术得到了证实。汉方药物通常用于治疗生活方式相关疾病。由于汉方药物含有多种化合物，并经过代谢以对各种器官或组织产生作用，它们可能对各种AGEs都适用。
