The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2024 May-Jun;52(4):440-451. doi: 10.1111/ceo.14353. Epub 2024 Jan 28.
This study aims to investigate the global disease burden, risk factors, and temporal trends of eye cancer by sex and age group.
Databases including Cancer Incidence in Five Continents volumes I-XI, the Nordic Cancer Registries, the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program and the WHO IARC mortality database were accessed to extract incidence and mortality data. Joinpoint regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the Average Annual Percentage Change of the incidence and mortality.
The age-standardised rates of eye cancer incidence and mortality were 0.49 and 0.08 globally in 2020. Higher incidence rates were observed in Sub-Saharan Africa (ASR = 4.06), Western Europe (ASR = 0.89), and Northern Europe (ASR = 0.84), but higher mortality was observed only in Sub-Saharan Africa (ASR = 1.59). Lower HDI, higher prevalence of UV exposure and lower prevalence of several lifestyle habits and metabolic syndromes were associated with higher incidence and mortality. There was an overall stable incidence trend and a decreasing mortality trend. Notably, all countries reporting decreasing trend in mortality were in the Asian or European region.
Although higher incidence was observed in both African and European regions, only the Sub-Saharan Africa region reported high mortality, indicating inequity in the access of healthcare and treatment resource. Higher prevalence of UV exposure was associated with both higher incidence and mortality. Education should be provided to increase the awareness of eye protection. An overall declining mortality trend was found, but it was limited to only Asian and European countries.
本研究旨在调查全球范围内眼癌的疾病负担、风险因素和时间趋势，并按性别和年龄组进行分析。
本研究检索了包括《五大洲癌症发病率》第 I-XI 卷、北欧癌症登记处、监测、流行病学和最终结果计划以及世界卫生组织国际癌症研究机构死亡率数据库在内的数据库，以提取发病率和死亡率数据。采用 Joinpoint 回归分析评估发病率和死亡率的年均变化百分比。
2020 年，全球眼癌发病率和死亡率的年龄标准化率分别为 0.49 和 0.08。在撒哈拉以南非洲（ASR=4.06）、西欧（ASR=0.89）和北欧（ASR=0.84）地区，眼癌发病率较高，但只有在撒哈拉以南非洲（ASR=1.59）地区，眼癌死亡率较高。更高的人类发展指数（HDI）、更高的紫外线暴露率以及更低的几种生活方式习惯和代谢综合征的流行率与更高的发病率和死亡率相关。总体上，发病率呈稳定趋势，死亡率呈下降趋势。值得注意的是，所有报告死亡率呈下降趋势的国家都在亚洲或欧洲地区。
尽管非洲和欧洲地区的发病率均较高，但只有撒哈拉以南非洲地区报告死亡率较高，这表明在获得医疗保健和治疗资源方面存在不平等。更高的紫外线暴露率与更高的发病率和死亡率相关。应该开展教育活动，提高人们的眼部保护意识。总体上，死亡率呈下降趋势，但仅限于亚洲和欧洲国家。
