Kapoor Priyanka, Bablani Popli Deepika, Siddiqui Maryam, Negi Anurag, Natarajan Srikant, Chowdhry Aman
Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
Acta Stomatol Croat. 2023 Dec;57(4):364-380. doi: 10.15644/asc57/4/7.
BACKGROUND: Dental phenotype shows variation in the form of various metric and non-metric traits, primarily due to gene-environment interplay. It gives an insight into the evolutionary trends, ancestry, and food habits. Recently, it has been explored for genetic affinity with several growth anomalies and development of craniofacial skeleton which is also responsible for dental and skeletal malocclusions. OBJECTIVES: the current study aims to investigate the non-metric dental crown traits (NDCTs) using Arizona State University Dental Anthropology system (ASUDAS) in different types of malocclusions in Delhi, National Capital Region (NCR) population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study design was observational and retrospective. The total sample comprised of 240 pairs of dental casts divided into four equal groups of 60 subjects each (30 male and 30 female), based on malocclusion. The four groups of malocclusions were: Angle's Class I, Class II division 1, Class II division 2, Class III. The investigator was blinded for patient ID and sex before recording the data. The data for cast were recorded by three observers independently in a modified malocclusion- non-metric dental crown traits (M-NDCT) anthropological variants chart and statistically analyzed for association with different malocclusions and sex. RESULTS: Significant differences were found in the expression of several NDCTs (both in presence and scoring) in different malocclusions. Class I malocclusion showed a predominantly winging, shoveling -upper central and lateral incisor, protostylid, hypoconulid absence in lower second molar, and cusp number. Class II malocclusion showed a double shoveling, interrupted groove, tuberculum dentale, canine mesial ridge, premolar accessory cusp, Carabelli's trait, lingual cusp variation, and seventh cusp in the lower left first molar. Class III malocclusion showed the absence of hypocone in upper second molar, deflecting wrinkle, distal trigonid crest, and Y groove in left lower second molar (26.7%). Besides, sexual dimorphism was seen in shoveling -upper central and lateral incisor, canine mesial ridge, Carabelli's trait, 3-cusp in upper second molar, and cusp number. CONCLUSIONS: Significant association was found between non-metric dental traits and malocclusions (Class I, Class division 1, Class II division 2, and Class III). Significant sex-linked differences were also found. Further studies can be performed at multicenter pan-India level with a standard robust protocol and a large sample.
背景:牙齿表型在各种测量和非测量特征方面存在差异,主要是由于基因与环境的相互作用。它有助于深入了解进化趋势、祖先和饮食习惯。最近,人们对其与多种生长异常以及颅面骨骼发育的遗传亲和力进行了探索,而颅面骨骼发育也与牙齿和骨骼错颌畸形有关。 目的:本研究旨在使用亚利桑那州立大学牙齿人类学系统(ASUDAS),对德里国家首都辖区(NCR)人群中不同类型错颌畸形的非测量牙冠特征(NDCTs)进行调查。 材料与方法:本研究设计为观察性和回顾性的。总样本包括240副牙模,根据错颌畸形分为四组,每组60名受试者(30名男性和30名女性)。四组错颌畸形分别为:安氏I类、II类1分类、II类2分类、III类。在记录数据前,研究者对患者的身份标识和性别不知情。由三名观察者独立在改良的错颌畸形 - 非测量牙冠特征(M - NDCT)人类学变异图表中记录牙模数据,并对其与不同错颌畸形和性别的相关性进行统计分析。 结果:在不同错颌畸形中,发现几种NDCTs(包括存在情况和评分)的表达存在显著差异。I类错颌畸形主要表现为翼状、铲形(上颌中切牙和侧切牙)、原尖、下颌第二磨牙无下后尖以及尖的数量。II类错颌畸形表现为双铲形、中断沟、牙小瘤、犬齿近中嵴、前磨牙副尖、卡氏特征、舌侧尖变异以及左下第一磨牙的第七尖。III类错颌畸形表现为上颌第二磨牙无次尖、偏斜皱纹、远中三角嵴以及左下第二磨牙的Y沟(26.7%)。此外,在上颌中切牙和侧切牙的铲形、犬齿近中嵴、卡氏特征、上颌第二磨牙的三尖以及尖的数量方面存在性别二态性。 结论:发现非测量牙齿特征与错颌畸形(I类、II类1分类、II类2分类和III类)之间存在显著关联。还发现了显著的性别关联差异。可采用标准稳健方案并以大样本在全印度多中心层面开展进一步研究。
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