Schouten Moniek, Dalle Sebastiaan, Mantini Dante, Koppo Katrien
Exercise Physiology Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Front Pharmacol. 2024 Jan 15;14:1328885. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1328885. eCollection 2023.
Cannabidiol (CBD) is a naturally occurring non-psychoactive cannabinoid found in , commonly known as cannabis or hemp. Although currently available CBD products do not meet the safety standards of most food safety authorities to be approved as a dietary supplement or food additive, CBD has been gaining widespread attention in recent years due to its various potential health benefits. While primarily known for its therapeutic effects in managing epileptic seizures, psychosis, anxiety, (neuropathic) pain, and inflammation, CBD's influence on brain function has also piqued the interest of researchers and individuals seeking to enhance cognitive performance. The primary objective of this review is to gather, synthesize, and consolidate scientifically proven evidence on the impact of CBD on brain function and its therapeutic significance in treating neurological and mental disorders. First, basic background information on CBD, including its biomolecular properties and mechanisms of action is presented. Next, evidence for CBD effects in the human brain is provided followed by a discussion on the potential implications of CBD as a neurotherapeutic agent. The potential effectiveness of CBD in reducing chronic pain is considered but also in reducing the symptoms of various brain disorders such as epilepsy, Alzheimer's, Huntington's and Parkinson's disease. Additionally, the implications of using CBD to manage psychiatric conditions such as psychosis, anxiety and fear, depression, and substance use disorders are explored. An overview of the beneficial effects of CBD on aspects of human behavior, such as sleep, motor control, cognition and memory, is then provided. As CBD products remain largely unregulated, it is crucial to address the ethical concerns associated with their use, including product quality, consistency, and safety. Therefore, this review discusses the need for responsible research and regulation of CBD to ensure its safety and efficacy as a therapeutic agent for brain disorders or to stimulate behavioral and cognitive abilities of healthy individuals.
大麻二酚（CBD）是一种天然存在的非精神活性大麻素，存在于通常被称为大麻或麻类植物中。尽管目前市面上的CBD产品不符合大多数食品安全机构批准作为膳食补充剂或食品添加剂的安全标准，但近年来，由于其各种潜在的健康益处，CBD已受到广泛关注。虽然CBD主要因其在控制癫痫发作、精神病、焦虑、（神经性）疼痛和炎症方面的治疗作用而闻名，但其对大脑功能的影响也引起了研究人员和寻求提高认知能力的个人的兴趣。本综述的主要目的是收集、综合和巩固关于CBD对大脑功能的影响及其在治疗神经和精神疾病方面的治疗意义的科学证据。首先，介绍了关于CBD的基本背景信息，包括其生物分子特性和作用机制。接下来，提供了CBD对人类大脑影响的证据，随后讨论了CBD作为神经治疗剂的潜在意义。考虑了CBD在减轻慢性疼痛方面的潜在有效性，也考虑了其在减轻各种脑部疾病症状方面的有效性，如癫痫、阿尔茨海默病、亨廷顿病和帕金森病。此外，还探讨了使用CBD来管理精神疾病，如精神病、焦虑和恐惧、抑郁症以及物质使用障碍的意义。然后概述了CBD对人类行为方面的有益影响，如睡眠、运动控制、认知和记忆。由于CBD产品在很大程度上仍未得到监管，解决与其使用相关的伦理问题至关重要，包括产品质量、一致性和安全性。因此，本综述讨论了对CBD进行负责任的研究和监管的必要性，以确保其作为治疗脑部疾病的药物的安全性和有效性，或刺激健康个体的行为和认知能力。
