Georgieva Julia, Arnold Eloise J, Peek Kerry, Smith Anne, Lavender Andrew P, Serner Andreas, Fitzgerald Melinda, Ma'ayah Fadi, Campbell Amity
Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
Sydney School of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
Sci Med Footb. 2025 May;9(2):104-111. doi: 10.1080/24733938.2024.2305396. Epub 2024 Jan 31.
To quantify the incidence and characteristics of purposeful heading and other head impacts in professional women's football at the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup™.
This cross-sectional cohort study analysed purposeful headers (uncontested and contested) and their characteristics (e.g. playing position, match situation, field location, and distance ball travelled), and other head impact events using video analysis. Total headers and head impact events, and incidence rate (IR) per 1000 match-hours were calculated for countries, positions, and other characteristics, such as location on the pitch.
Purposeful headers accounted for 76% of all coded events (uncontested: 71%; contested: 29%), followed by attempted headers (21%), unintentional ball-head impacts (2%), and other head impacts (1%). Headers ranged from 0 to 22 per player, per match with a mean of 4.8 [±1.2]. Of all field positions, centrebacks had the highest heading rates and wingers the lowest. Strikers performed significantly more contested headers than any other position, and significantly less uncontested headers. Most headers occurred in the middle third (48%), from free game play (72%) and from long balls (>20 m) (68%).
The findings of this study could assist the development of player heading risk profiles, sex-specific heading guidelines, and coaching practices.
量化2019年国际足联女足世界杯™职业女足中有目的头球及其他头部撞击的发生率和特征。
这项横断面队列研究使用视频分析，分析了有目的的头球（无对抗和有对抗）及其特征（如比赛位置、比赛形势、场地位置和球的飞行距离），以及其他头部撞击事件。计算了各国、各位置以及其他特征（如在球场上的位置）的总头球次数和头部撞击事件，以及每1000比赛小时的发生率（IR）。
有目的的头球占所有编码事件的76%（无对抗：71%；有对抗：29%），其次是尝试头球（21%）、无意的球-头撞击（2%）和其他头部撞击（1%）。每名球员每场比赛的头球次数在0至22次之间，平均为4.8 [±1.2]次。在所有场上位置中，中后卫的头球率最高，边锋最低。前锋进行的有对抗头球比其他任何位置都多，而无对抗头球则明显更少。大多数头球发生在中场区域（48%），来自自由比赛（72%）和长传球（>20米）（68%）。
本研究结果有助于制定球员头球风险概况、针对性别的头球指导方针和教练实践。
