Manjatika Arthur Tsalani, Mazengenya Pedzisai, Davimes Joshua Gabriel
School of Anatomical Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg, South Africa; School of Life Sciences, Anatomy Division, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi.
College of Medicine, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Ann Anat. 2024 Apr;253:152223. doi: 10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152223. Epub 2024 Jan 29.
The left side anterior retroperitoneal approach is preferred for the management of lumbosacral spine disorders as there is reduced risk for vascular injury. The presence of multiple and uncommon venous variations on either side of the spine, like the bilateral duplicated inferior vena cava (DIVC), may complicate surgery in this region. The current study describes two rare cases of bilateral duplicated inferior vena cava associated with internal iliac and gonadal veins.
The cases were identified during routine human dissections of the posterior abdominal wall of 89 (45 males, 44 females) individuals. The course, relations and morphometry of each duplicated inferior vena cava were examined and recorded.
Two (2.2%) of the 89 (1 male, 1 female) dissected individuals showed the presence of bilateral duplicated infrarenal segments of the inferior vena cava. In both cases, the pre-aortic trunk (vein) was the largest and the left inferior vena cava was the smallest. Both cases of bilateral DIVC presented with anomalous interiliac communicating veins, internal iliac veins, and drainage sites of the left gonadal veins.
The duplicated inferior vena cava may present with associated venous anomalies like those related to the gonadal and internal iliac veins. Knowledge of the duplicated inferior vena cava and its associated venous anomalies may be essential for accurately identifying and diagnosing vascular dysfunction and improving radiological interpretation across multiple surgical specialities.
由于血管损伤风险较低，左侧前路腹膜后入路是治疗腰骶椎疾病的首选方法。脊柱两侧存在多种罕见的静脉变异，如双侧重复下腔静脉（DIVC），可能会使该区域的手术复杂化。本研究描述了两例罕见的双侧重复下腔静脉合并髂内静脉和性腺静脉的病例。
这些病例是在对89例（45例男性，44例女性）个体的后腹壁进行常规人体解剖时发现的。检查并记录每条重复下腔静脉的走行、关系和形态测量数据。
在89例解剖个体中，有2例（2.2%）（1例男性，1例女性）显示存在双侧重复的肾下段下腔静脉。在这两例中，主动脉前干（静脉）最大，左侧下腔静脉最小。两例双侧DIVC均伴有异常的髂间交通静脉、髂内静脉和左侧性腺静脉引流部位。
重复下腔静脉可能伴有与性腺静脉和髂内静脉相关的静脉异常。了解重复下腔静脉及其相关静脉异常对于准确识别和诊断血管功能障碍以及改善多个外科专业的影像学解释可能至关重要。
