Hsieh Ming-Shu, Hsu Chia-Wei, Liao Hung-Chun, Lin Chang-Ling, Chiang Chen-Yi, Chen Mei-Yu, Liu Shih-Jen, Liao Ching-Len, Chen Hsin-Wei
National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.
Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
J Virol. 2024 Feb 20;98(2):e0154623. doi: 10.1128/jvi.01546-23. Epub 2024 Feb 1.
Vaccine-induced mucosal immunity and broad protective capacity against various severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants remain inadequate. Formyl peptide receptor-like 1 inhibitory protein (FLIPr), produced by , can bind to various Fcγ receptor subclasses. Recombinant lipidated FLIPr (rLF) was previously found to be an effective adjuvant. In this study, we developed a vaccine candidate, the recombinant Delta SARS-CoV-2 spike (rDS)-FLIPr fusion protein (rDS-F), which employs the property of FLIPr binding to various Fcγ receptors. Our study shows that rDS-F plus rLF promotes rDS capture by dendritic cells. Intranasal vaccination of mice with rDS-F plus rLF increases persistent systemic and mucosal antibody responses and CD4/CD8 T-cell responses. Importantly, antibodies induced by rDS-F plus rLF vaccination neutralize Delta, Wuhan, Alpha, Beta, and Omicron strains. Additionally, rDS-F plus rLF provides protective effects against various SARS-CoV-2 variants in hamsters by reducing inflammation and viral loads in the lung. Therefore, rDS-F plus rLF is a potential vaccine candidate to induce broad protective responses against various SARS-CoV-2 variants.IMPORTANCEMucosal immunity is vital for combating pathogens, especially in the context of respiratory diseases like COVID-19. Despite this, most approved vaccines are administered via injection, providing systemic but limited mucosal protection. Developing vaccines that stimulate both mucosal and systemic immunity to address future coronavirus mutations is a growing trend. However, eliciting strong mucosal immune responses without adjuvants remains a challenge. In our study, we have demonstrated that using a recombinant severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike-formyl peptide receptor-like 1 inhibitory protein (FLIPr) fusion protein as an antigen, in combination with recombinant lipidated FLIPr as an effective adjuvant, induced simultaneous systemic and mucosal immune responses through intranasal immunization in mice and hamster models. This approach offered protection against various SARS-CoV-2 strains, making it a promising vaccine candidate for broad protection. This finding is pivotal for future broad-spectrum vaccine development.
疫苗诱导的黏膜免疫以及针对各种严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)变体的广泛保护能力仍然不足。由[具体产生源未提及]产生的甲酰肽受体样1抑制蛋白(FLIPr)可与各种Fcγ受体亚类结合。重组脂化FLIPr(rLF)先前被发现是一种有效的佐剂。在本研究中,我们开发了一种候选疫苗,即重组德尔塔SARS-CoV-2刺突蛋白(rDS)-FLIPr融合蛋白(rDS-F),它利用了FLIPr与各种Fcγ受体结合的特性。我们的研究表明,rDS-F加rLF可促进树突状细胞捕获rDS。用rDS-F加rLF对小鼠进行鼻内接种可增强持续的全身和黏膜抗体反应以及CD4/CD8 T细胞反应。重要的是,rDS-F加rLF接种诱导产生的抗体可中和德尔塔、武汉、阿尔法、贝塔和奥密克戎毒株。此外,rDS-F加rLF通过减轻仓鼠肺部炎症和病毒载量,对各种SARS-CoV-2变体提供保护作用。因此,rDS-F加rLF是一种有潜力的候选疫苗,可诱导针对各种SARS-CoV-2变体的广泛保护反应。
重要性
黏膜免疫对于对抗病原体至关重要,尤其是在像COVID-19这样的呼吸道疾病背景下。尽管如此,大多数已获批的疫苗都是通过注射给药,提供全身但有限的黏膜保护。开发既能刺激黏膜免疫又能刺激全身免疫以应对未来冠状病毒突变的疫苗是一个日益增长的趋势。然而,在没有佐剂的情况下引发强烈的黏膜免疫反应仍然是一项挑战。在我们的研究中,我们证明了使用重组严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)刺突-甲酰肽受体样1抑制蛋白(FLIPr)融合蛋白作为抗原,与重组脂化FLIPr作为有效佐剂相结合,通过在小鼠和仓鼠模型中进行鼻内免疫诱导同时的全身和黏膜免疫反应。这种方法提供了针对各种SARS-CoV-2毒株的保护,使其成为一种有前景的广泛保护候选疫苗。这一发现对于未来广谱疫苗的开发至关重要。