MetaBioSys Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, India.
Sci Rep. 2024 Feb 1;14(1):2717. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-53190-1.
Ocean microbiome is crucial for global biogeochemical cycles and primary productivity. Despite numerous studies investigating the global ocean microbiomes, the microbiome composition of the Andaman region of the Indian Ocean remains largely unexplored. While this region harbors pristine biological diversity, the escalating anthropogenic activities along coastal habitats exert an influence on the microbial ecology and impact the aquatic ecosystems. We investigated the microbiome composition in the coastal waters of the Andaman Islands by 16S rRNA gene amplicon and metagenomic shotgun sequencing approaches and compared it with the Tara Oceans Consortium. In the coastal waters of the Andaman Islands, a significantly higher abundance and diversity of Synechococcus species was observed with a higher abundance of photosynthesis pigment-related genes to adapt to variable light conditions and nutrition. In contrast, Prochlorococcus species showed higher abundance in open ocean water samples of the Indian Ocean region, with a relatively limited functional diversity. A higher abundance of antibiotic-resistance genes was also noted in the coastal waters region. We also updated the ocean microbiome gene catalog with 93,172 unique genes from the Andaman coastal water microbiome. This study provides valuable insights into the Indian Ocean microbiome and supplements the global marine microbial ecosystem studies.
海洋微生物组对于全球生物地球化学循环和初级生产力至关重要。尽管有许多研究调查了全球海洋微生物组，但印度洋安达曼地区的微生物组组成在很大程度上仍未得到探索。虽然该地区拥有原始的生物多样性，但沿海栖息地不断增加的人为活动对微生物生态产生了影响，并影响了水生生态系统。我们通过 16S rRNA 基因扩增子和宏基因组鸟枪法测序方法研究了安达曼群岛沿海海域的微生物组组成，并与 Tara Oceans 联合会进行了比较。在安达曼群岛的沿海海域，观察到明显更高丰度和多样性的聚球藻属物种，并且具有更多与光合作用色素相关的基因，以适应变化的光照条件和营养。相比之下，在印度洋海域的开阔海水样本中，原绿球藻属物种的丰度更高，其功能多样性相对有限。在沿海海域还注意到了更高丰度的抗生素抗性基因。我们还使用来自安达曼沿海水微生物组的 93,172 个独特基因更新了海洋微生物组基因目录。这项研究为印度洋微生物组提供了有价值的见解，并补充了全球海洋微生物生态系统的研究。
