拉帕努伊（复活节岛）文字的发明。荣格式文字的新放射性碳测年数据。
The invention of writing on Rapa Nui (Easter Island). New radiocarbon dates on the Rongorongo script.
机构信息
Department of Classical Philology and Italian Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Zamboni 32, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
Department of Chemistry G. Ciamician, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
出版信息
Sci Rep. 2024 Feb 2;14(1):2794. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-53063-7.
Placing the origin of an undeciphered script in time is crucial to understanding the invention of writing in human history. Rapa Nui, also known as Easter Island, developed a script, now engraved on fewer than 30 wooden objects, which is still undeciphered. Its origins are also obscure. Central to this issue is whether the script was invented before European travelers reached the island in the eighteenth century AD. Hence direct radiocarbon dating of the wood plays a fundamental role. Until now, only two tablets were directly dated, placing them in the nineteenth c. AD, which does not solve the question of independent invention. Here we radiocarbon-dated four Rongorongo tablets preserved in Rome, Italy. One specimen yielded a unique and secure mid-fifteenth c. date, while the others fall within the nineteenth c. AD. Our results suggest that the use of the script could be placed to a horizon that predates the arrival of external influence.
确定一种未破译文字的起源时间对于理解人类历史上书写发明至关重要。拉帕努伊岛，又名复活节岛，曾发展出一种文字，如今仅雕刻在不到 30 件木制品上，至今仍未被破译。其起源也不为人知。这个问题的核心是，文字是否是在公元 18 世纪欧洲旅行者到达该岛之前发明的。因此，木材的直接放射性碳测年法起着至关重要的作用。到目前为止，仅有两块匾额经过了直接测年，将它们置于公元 19 世纪，这并不能解决独立发明的问题。在这里，我们对保存在意大利罗马的四块 Rongorongo 匾额进行了放射性碳年代测定。一个样本给出了独特且可靠的 15 世纪中叶的日期，而其他样本则属于 19 世纪公元。我们的结果表明，该文字的使用时间可以追溯到外部影响到达之前的一个时期。
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