Liang Chengrui, Feng Boyang, Wang Shuxiao, Zhao Bin, Xie Jinzi, Huang Guanghan, Zhu Liang, Hao Jiming
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China.
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2024 Mar 15;466:133668. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133668. Epub 2024 Jan 30.
Organic vapors emitted during solvent use are important precursors of secondary organic aerosols (SOAs). Industrial coatings are a major class of solvents that emit volatile and intermediate volatile organic compounds (VOCs and IVOCs, respectively). However, the emission factors and source profiles of VOCs and IVOCs from industrial coatings remain unclear. In this study, representative solvent- and water-based industrial paints were evaporated, sampled and tested using online and offline instruments. The VOC and IVOC emission factors for solvent-based paints are 129-254 and 25-80 g/kg, while for water-based paint are 13 and 32 g/kg, respectively. In solvent-based paints, the VOCs are mainly aromatics, while the IVOCs are composed of long-chain alkanes, alkenes, carbonyls and halocarbons. The VOCs and IVOCs in water-based paint are mostly oxygenates, such as ethanol, acetone, ethylene glycol, and Texanol. During the evaporation of solvent-based paints, the fraction of IVOCs increases along with those of alkenes and aldehydes, while the proportion of aromatics decreases. For water-based paint, the fraction of IVOCs slightly decreases with evaporation. The SOA formation potentials of solvent-based paints are 8.6-28.0 g/kg, much higher than that of water-based paint (0.65 g/kg); thus, substituting solvent-based paints with water-based paints may significantly decrease SOA formation.
溶剂使用过程中排放的有机蒸气是二次有机气溶胶（SOA）的重要前体。工业涂料是一类主要的溶剂，会分别排放挥发性和半挥发性有机化合物（VOCs和IVOCs）。然而，工业涂料中VOCs和IVOCs的排放因子和源排放特征仍不明确。在本研究中，使用在线和离线仪器对代表性的溶剂型和水性工业涂料进行蒸发、采样和测试。溶剂型涂料的VOC和IVOC排放因子分别为129 - 254和25 - 80 g/kg，而水性涂料的排放因子分别为13和32 g/kg。在溶剂型涂料中，VOCs主要是芳烃，而IVOCs由长链烷烃、烯烃、羰基化合物和卤代烃组成。水性涂料中的VOCs和IVOCs大多是含氧化合物，如乙醇、丙酮、乙二醇和特辛醇。在溶剂型涂料的蒸发过程中，IVOCs的比例随着烯烃和醛类的比例增加而增加，而芳烃的比例则下降。对于水性涂料，IVOCs的比例随着蒸发略有下降。溶剂型涂料的SOA生成潜力为8.6 - 28.0 g/kg，远高于水性涂料（0.65 g/kg）；因此，用水性涂料替代溶剂型涂料可能会显著降低SOA的形成。
