IUSA-ONEHEALTH 4, Animal Production and Biotechnology, Institute of Animal Health and Food Safety, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Montaña Cardones, s/n, 35413 Arucas, Spain.
Unit of Animal Production, Pasture, and Forage in Arid and Subtropical Areas. Canary Islands Institute for Agricultural Research, Cno El Pico, s/n, 38260 Tejina La Laguna, Spain.
Animal. 2024 Feb;18(2):101082. doi: 10.1016/j.animal.2024.101082. Epub 2024 Jan 18.
In newborn ruminants, transfer of passive immunity is essential to obtain protection against pathogens. This study aimed to increase the permeability of the blood-milk barrier using intramammary lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in goats at parturition to modulate colostrum composition. Twenty multiparous Majorera dairy goats were randomly allocated in one of the two experimental groups. The LPS group (n = 10) received an intramammary administration (IA) of saline (2 mL) containing 50 µg of LPS from Escherichia coli (O55:B5) in each half udder at parturition. The control group (n = 10) received an IA of saline (2 mL). Rectal temperature (RT) was recorded, and a blood sample was collected at parturition (before IA). In addition, RT was measured, and blood and colostrum/milk samples were collected on day (d) 0.125 (3 hours), 0.5 (12 hours), 1, 2, 4, 7, 15 and 30 relative to the IA. Goat plasma immunoglobulin G (IgG) and M (IgM) and serum β-hydroxybutyrate, glucose, calcium, free fatty acids, lactate dehydrogenase and total protein concentrations were determined. Colostrum and milk yields as well as chemical composition, somatic cell count (SCC), IgG and IgM concentrations were measured. The MIXED procedure (SAS 9.4) was used, and the model included the IA, time, and the interaction between both fixed effects. Statistical significance was set as P < 0.05. Goats from the LPS group showed higher RT on d 0.125, 0.5 and 4 relative to the IA compared to the control group (P = 0.007). Goat serum biochemical variables and plasma IgG and IgM concentrations were not affected by the IA. Colostrum and milk yield as well as chemical composition were not affected by the IA, except for milk lactose percentage that was lower in the LPS group compared to the control group (4.3 ± 0.08 and 4.6 ± 0.08%, respectively P = 0.026). Colostrum SCC was higher in the LPS group than in the control group (3.5 ± 0.09 and 3.1 ± 0.09 cells × 10/mL, respectively; P = 0.011). Similarly, milk SCC increased in the LPS group compared to the control group (P = 0.004). The LPS group showed higher IgG (P = 0.044) and IgM (P = 0.037) concentrations on colostrum than the control group (31.9 ± 4.8 and 19.0 ± 4.8 mg/mL, 0.8 ± 0.08 and 0.5 ± 0.08 mg/mL, respectively). No differences in milk IgG and IgM concentrations between groups were observed. In conclusion, the IA of LPS at parturition increases RT, SCC and IgG and IgM concentrations in colostrum without affecting either yield or chemical composition.
在新生反刍动物中，被动免疫的转移对于获得针对病原体的保护至关重要。本研究旨在通过在分娩时向山羊的乳腺内施用脂多糖（LPS）来增加血乳屏障的通透性，从而调节初乳成分。20 头经产 Majorera 奶牛被随机分配到两个实验组中的一个。LPS 组（n=10）在分娩时接受了来自大肠杆菌（O55：B5）的 50μg LPS 的每一半乳房内施用（IA）（2 mL）。对照组（n=10）接受了 2 mL 的盐水 IA。记录直肠温度（RT），并在分娩时（IA 前）采集血液样本。此外，在 IA 后 0.125 天（3 小时）、0.5 天（12 小时）、1 天、2 天、4 天、7 天、15 天和 30 天测量 RT，并采集血液和初乳/奶样。测定山羊血浆免疫球蛋白 G（IgG）和 M（IgM）以及血清β-羟丁酸、葡萄糖、钙、游离脂肪酸、乳酸脱氢酶和总蛋白浓度。测量初乳和奶产量以及化学组成、体细胞计数（SCC）、IgG 和 IgM 浓度。使用 MIXED 过程（SAS 9.4），模型包括 IA、时间和两者之间的固定效应的相互作用。统计学意义设定为 P<0.05。与对照组相比，LPS 组的山羊在 IA 后 0.125、0.5 和 4 天的 RT 更高（P=0.007）。IA 不影响山羊血清生化变量和血浆 IgG 和 IgM 浓度。IA 不影响初乳和奶产量以及化学组成，但 LPS 组的奶乳糖百分比低于对照组（分别为 4.3±0.08%和 4.6±0.08%；P=0.026）。LPS 组的初乳 SCC 高于对照组（分别为 3.5±0.09 和 3.1±0.09 细胞×10/mL；P=0.011）。同样，与对照组相比，LPS 组的奶 SCC 增加（P=0.004）。与对照组相比，LPS 组的初乳 IgG（P=0.044）和 IgM（P=0.037）浓度更高（分别为 31.9±4.8 和 19.0±4.8 mg/mL、0.8±0.08 和 0.5±0.08 mg/mL）。两组间的奶 IgG 和 IgM 浓度没有差异。总之，分娩时 LPS 的 IA 增加了初乳中的 RT、SCC 和 IgG 和 IgM 浓度，而不影响产量或化学组成。
