Zbrzeźniak Jakub, Paradowska-Stankiewicz Iwona
National Institute of Public Health NIH - National Research Institute Department of Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases and Surveillance.
Przegl Epidemiol. 2023;77(3):381-386. doi: 10.32394/pe.77.34.
Lyme disease, a zoonosis transmitted by vector (by ticks), may manifest itself in several different forms, such as: erythema migrans, osteoarticular or neuroborreliosis. Infection occurs when an infected common tick (Ixodes ricinus) feeds. Lyme disease is seasonal due to the cycle of tick activity throughout the year.
The aim of the study was to assess the epidemiological situation of Lyme disease in Poland in 2021 compared to the situation in previous years.
To assess the epidemiological situation of Lyme disease in Poland, data sent to NIPH NIH - NRI by the Voivodeship Sanitary-Epidemiological Stations and published in the annual bulletin: "Infectious diseases and poisonings in Poland in 2021" were used.
In 2021, 12,500 cases of Lyme disease and 411 hospitalizations were registered, which means a decrease in the number of cases by 3.4% and a decrease in hospitalizations by 10.5%. The number of cases was similar to 2020, and Lyme disease cases did not return to the pre-COVID-19 pandemic level (approx. 20,000 cases per year). The quarterly distribution of cases remained unchanged, with cases occurring most frequently in Q3 and least frequently in Q1.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the number of reported Lyme disease cases was still noticeable, the number of recorded cases was lower than in the first pandemic year. The distribution of cases in quarters retained the seasonality characteristic of Lyme disease.
莱姆病是一种由媒介（蜱虫）传播的人畜共患病，可能以几种不同形式表现出来，如：游走性红斑、骨关节炎或神经莱姆病。当受感染的普通蜱虫（蓖麻硬蜱）叮咬时就会发生感染。由于蜱虫全年的活动周期，莱姆病具有季节性。
本研究的目的是评估2021年波兰莱姆病的流行病学情况，并与前几年的情况进行比较。
为评估波兰莱姆病的流行病学情况，使用了由省卫生防疫站发送至国家公共卫生研究所 - 国家传染病研究所并发表在年度公报《2021年波兰的传染病和中毒事件》中的数据。
2021年，登记了12500例莱姆病病例和411例住院病例，这意味着病例数减少了3.4%，住院病例数减少了10.5%。病例数与2020年相似，莱姆病病例数未恢复到新冠疫情前的水平（每年约20000例）。病例的季度分布保持不变，第三季度病例出现频率最高，第一季度最低。
新冠疫情对报告的莱姆病病例数的影响仍然明显，记录的病例数低于疫情第一年。病例在各季度的分布保持了莱姆病的季节性特征。
