Zhang Fan, Zhou Junjie, Chen Xiaofeng, Zhao Shengxiao, Zhao Yayun, Tang Yulong, Tian Ziqi, Yang Qihao, Slavcheva Evelina, Lin Yichao, Zhang Qiuju
Key Laboratory of Far-Shore Wind Power Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311122, China.
Key Laboratory of Advanced Fuel Cells and Electrolysers Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2024 Jan 23;14(3):239. doi: 10.3390/nano14030239.
The utilization of renewable energy for hydrogen production presents a promising pathway towards achieving carbon neutrality in energy consumption. Water electrolysis, utilizing pure water, has proven to be a robust technology for clean hydrogen production. Recently, seawater electrolysis has emerged as an attractive alternative due to the limitations of deep-sea regions imposed by the transmission capacity of long-distance undersea cables. However, seawater electrolysis faces several challenges, including the slow kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), the competing chlorine evolution reaction (CER) processes, electrode degradation caused by chloride ions, and the formation of precipitates on the cathode. The electrode and catalyst materials are corroded by the Cl under long-term operations. Numerous efforts have been made to address these issues arising from impurities in the seawater. This review focuses on recent progress in developing high-performance electrodes and electrolyser designs for efficient seawater electrolysis. Its aim is to provide a systematic and insightful introduction and discussion on seawater electrolysers and electrodes with the hope of promoting the utilization of offshore renewable energy sources through seawater electrolysis.
利用可再生能源制氢是实现能源消费碳中和的一条有前景的途径。利用纯水进行水电解已被证明是一种可靠的清洁制氢技术。最近，由于深海区域受长距离海底电缆传输能力的限制，海水电解已成为一种有吸引力的替代方案。然而，海水电解面临若干挑战，包括析氧反应（OER）动力学缓慢、竞争性析氯反应（CER）过程、氯离子导致的电极降解以及阴极上沉淀物的形成。在长期运行中，电极和催化剂材料会被Cl腐蚀。人们已做出诸多努力来解决海水中杂质引发的这些问题。本综述聚焦于开发用于高效海水电解的高性能电极和电解槽设计的最新进展。其目的是对海水电解槽和电极进行系统且有深度的介绍与讨论，以期通过海水电解促进海上可再生能源的利用。
